Personal Space of Male War Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Bogović, Anamarija; Mihanović, Mate; Jokić‐Begić, Nataša; Švagelj, Ana

doi:10.1177/0013916513477653

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Adaptation processes have been observed on an individual level. For example, a personal crisis or traumatic event can strongly and persistently increase an individual’s need for larger IPDs ( Bogovic et al, 2014 ). From cross-cultural proxemic studies, we know that different IPD norms can coexist.…”

Section: Adaptation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal Distance in the SARS-CoV-2 Crisis

et al. 2020

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Background Mandatory rules for social distancing to curb the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic require individuals to maintain a critical interpersonal distance above 1.5 m. However, this contradicts our natural preference, which is closer to 1 m for non-intimate encounters, for example, when asking a stranger for directions. Objective This review addresses how humans typically regulate interpersonal distances, in order to highlight the challenges of enforcing atypically large interpersonal distances. Method To understand the challenges posed by social distancing requirements, we integrate relevant contributions from visual perception, social perception, and human factors. Results To date, research on preferred interpersonal distances suggests that social distancing could induce discomfort, heighten arousal, and decrease social signaling in the short term. While the protracted effects of social distancing are unclear, we propose hypotheses on the mid- to long-term consequences of violating preferred norms of interpersonal distances. Conclusion We suggest that enforcing a physical distance of 1.5–2 m presents a serious challenge to behavioral norms. Application We address how notifications, architectural design, and visualizations could be effectively applied to promote interpersonal distance requirements.

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Section: Adaptation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal Distance in the SARS-CoV-2 Crisis

et al. 2020

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“…Indeed, parallels in performance on tasks measuring PPS and personal space provide support for this possibility. For instance, higher trait anxiety and fear are associated with a larger PPS (Lourenco et al, ; Sambo & Iannetti, ) and personal space (Bogovic, Mihanovic, Jokic‐Begic, & Svagelj, ; Bracha, ), suggesting individual differences for both constructs that are predicted by personality traits. Moreover, studies using fMRI have found that intrusions into personal space caused by social looming stimuli (i.e., faces) activate brain regions (i.e., dorsal IPS and ventral premotor cortex) that are similarly implicated in the representation of PPS (Holt et al, ; for review, see Pellegrino & Làdavas, ), suggestive of common neural mechanisms in the representation of these spaces.…”

Section: Distinguishing Pps From Other Constructsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is peripersonal space? An examination of unresolved empirical issues and emerging findings

Hunley

Lourenco

2018

WIRES Cognitive Science

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Findings from diverse fields of study, including neuroscience, psychology, zoology, and sociology, demonstrate that human and non-human primates maintain a representation of the space immediately surrounding the body, known as peripersonal space (PPS). However, progress in this field has been hampered by the lack of an agreed upon definition of PPS. Since the beginning of its formal study, scientists have argued that PPS plays a crucial role in both defensive and non-defensive actions. Yet consensus is lacking about the cognitive and neural instantiation of these functions. In particular, researchers have begun to ask whether a single, unified system of spatial-attentional resources supports both the defensive and non-defensive functions of PPS or, rather, whether there are multiple, independent systems. Moreover, there are open questions about the specificity of PPS. For example: Does PPS dissociate from other well-known phenomena such as personal space and the body schema? Finally, emerging research has brought attention to important questions about individual differences in the flexibility of PPS and the distribution of PPS in front compared to behind the body. In this advanced review, we shed light on questions about the nature of PPS, offering answers when the research permits or providing recommendations for achieving answers in future research. In so doing, we lay the groundwork for a comprehensive definition of PPS. This article is categorized under: Cognitive Biology > Evolutionary Roots of Cognition Psychology > Attention Psychology > Perception and Psychophysics Neuroscience > Plasticity.

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“…For his part, Rustemli (1987) concluded that no significant differences exist with regard to gender and that such variability should be attributed to cultural variables instead. Nonetheless, a recent study on the invasion of personal space involving war veterans confirmed the preceding results (Bogovic, Mihanovic, Jokic-Begic and Svagelj, 2014). With regard to the perception of density on the basis of gender, Yildirim and Akalin-Baskaya (2007) found that males can stand moderately high-density conditions in public spaces better than females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Valoración afectiva de ambientes residenciales y funcionales de alta y baja densidad

2016

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Título: Valoración afectiva de ambientes residenciales y funcionales de alta y baja densidad. Resumen: El presente trabajo contrasta ambientes residenciales versus funcionales de alta y baja densidad a través de la valoración del agrado y la activación que dichos ambientes elicitan. Así mismo se exploran las relaciones entre estas dimensiones afectivas y una medida de bienestar emocional y rasgos de personalidad. 238 estudiantes universitarios valoraron el nivel de agrado y activación elicitado por una serie de imágenes que representaban ambientes residenciales y funcionales de alta y baja densidad. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que, independientemente de la densidad, los ambientes residenciales generan sentimientos más agradables que los espacios funcionales; no obstante, y en relación con la activación, los sentimientos generados por ambientes residenciales y funcionales, varían en función de la densidad. Se concluye que los ambientes residenciales se constituyen en entornos más adaptativos en términos de bienestar emocional. Palabras clave: Ambiente residencial; ambiente funcional; agrado; activación; densidad.Abstract: This paper contrasts high and low-density residential and functional environments through an assessment of the pleasure and arousal said environments elicit. The relationships between these affective dimensions and a measure of emotional well-being and personality traits are also explored. Two hundred thirty-eight university students assessed the degree of pleasure and arousal elicited by a series of images depicting high and lowdensity residential and functional environments. The findings clearly reveal that residential environments produce more pleasurable feelings than functional spaces, regardless of their density. However, as regards arousal, the feelings produced by residential and functional environments vary on depending on their density. It concludes that residential environments are more adaptable environments in terms of emotional well-being.

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Personal Space of Male War Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Cited by 26 publications

References 41 publications

Interpersonal Distance in the SARS-CoV-2 Crisis

Interpersonal Distance in the SARS-CoV-2 Crisis

What is peripersonal space? An examination of unresolved empirical issues and emerging findings

Valoración afectiva de ambientes residenciales y funcionales de alta y baja densidad

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