Personal Tracking of Screen Time on Digital Devices

Rooksby, John; Asadzadeh, Parvin; Rost, Mattias; Morrison, Alistair; Chalmers, Matthew

doi:10.1145/2858036.2858055

Cited by 55 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Aspects of usage studied have included the times that phones are on or off [38], network activity [48], and times at which phones are in portrait or landscape mode [40]. A large amount of work concentrates on mobile app usage, including the apps people install [23], and usage patterns of app launches [9].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Large-Scale Study of iPhone App Launch Behaviour

Morrison

Xiong

Higgs

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

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There have been many large-scale investigations of users' mobile app launch behaviour, but all have been conducted on Android, even though recent reports suggest iPhones account for a third of all smartphones in use. We report on the first large-scale analysis of app usage patterns on iPhones. We conduct a reproduction study with a cohort of over 10,000 jailbroken iPhone users, reproducing several studies previously conducted on Android devices. We find some differences, but also significant similarities: e.g. communications apps are the most used on both platforms; similar patterns are apparent of few apps being very popular but there existing a 'long tail' of many apps used by the population; users show similar patterns of 'micro-usage'; almost identical proportions of people use a unique combination of apps. Such similarities add confidence but also specificity about claims of consistency across smartphones. As well as presenting our findings, we discuss issues involved in reproducing studies across platforms.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Large-Scale Study of iPhone App Launch Behaviour

Morrison

Xiong

Higgs

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

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“…One result from studying RQ2 was that an increased self-awareness about work and productivity does not necessarily motivate a behavior change, similar to what related work has found in the health and physical activity domain [3,22]. Hence, my goal is to extend the existing self-monitoring approach in WorkAnalytics with another persuasive strategy, goal-setting.…”

Section: Rq3: Actionable Insights To Foster Productive Behaviormentioning

confidence: 84%

“…One way to improve developers' awareness of their own behavior and foster productive behavior is to provide them with the means to self-monitor and to reflect about their actions, for example through visualizations [10,20,22]. This type of self-monitoring approach has been shown to foster behavior changes in other areas of life, such as physical activity (e.g., [5,9]) and health (e.g., [2,6]).…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing efforts to map the success of these self-monitoring approaches to the workplace, e.g., RescueTime [21] and Codealike [4], have largely focused on tracking and visualizing application usage on the computer that rarely allow insights into productive or unproductive behaviors at work. Only few of these tools have been evaluated (e.g., [22,24]), limiting the knowledge of the overall value of self-monitoring in the workplace, the information that is of particular interest, and how these insights could be leveraged to foster productivity, for instance through personalized self-monitoring or goal-setting. …”

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confidence: 99%

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Fostering software developers' productivity at work through self-monitoring and goal-setting

Meyer

2018

Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceeedings

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Software development organizations strive to enhance the productivity of their developers. While research has looked into various ways for improving developer productivity, little is known about the activities they pursue at work, how these activities influence the fragmentation of work, and how these insights could be leveraged to foster productivity at work. In my PhD thesis, I address software developer productivity by taking a mixed-method approach to investigate developers' perceptions of productivity in the field and to examine the individual differences of each developer's work. My goal is to increase developers' awareness about their own work habits and productivity, and to encourage productive behavior changes at work through the provision of two persuasive technologies, self-monitoring and goalsetting. DOI ABSTRACTSoftware development organizations strive to enhance the productivity of their developers. While research has looked into various ways for improving developer productivity, little is known about the activities they pursue at work, how these activities influence the fragmentation of work, and how these insights could be leveraged to foster productivity at work. In my PhD thesis, I address software developer productivity by taking a mixed-method approach to investigate developers' perceptions of productivity in the field and to examine the individual differences of each developer's work. My goal is to increase developers' awareness about their own work habits and productivity, and to encourage productive behavior changes at work through the provision of two persuasive technologies, selfmonitoring and goal-setting. CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → User studies; PROBLEM STATEMENTThere is a common refrain that repeats itself in similar forms every couple of years: our inability to produce enough software to satisfy the needs of the world. For example, in 1968, attendees at the first NATO software engineering conference coined the term software crisis [17] and in 2011, Andreessen wrote about software eating the world, expressing that the need for software keeps outstripping our ability to produce it [1]. There are a couple of ways of addressing the gap between software demand and supply. We could try to reduce the demand, which seems unlikely to succeed. Or, we could try to increase the supply, namely our ability to produce software. In this PhD thesis, I focus on one way to increase the supply of software: the improvement of software developers' productivity. A substantial amount of work researching developer productivity has been undertaken over the past four decades. The majority of this research introduces particular definitions of productivity, such as measuring productivity based on the number of lines of source code modified per hour [8] or the resolution time for modification requests [16]. Another body of research considers organizational factors associated with productivity, such as the effect of the workplace setting on productivity [7], and soft factors, such as inte...

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“…They found that the structured self-reflection allows users to self-experiment with goals and identify better behavior change strategies. There is also some research on the value of workplace self-reflection on task completion [30], [31], time management [32], [68], [69], and detachment from work [33], [34]. The research has shown that successful self-reflection approaches are often structured, since they guide users' reflection with a predefined set of questions [19], [70].…”

Section: Background: Reflective Goal-settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Good Work Habits in Software Developers through Reflective Goal-Setting

Meyer

Murphy

Zimmermann

et al. 2021

IIEEE Trans. Software Eng.

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Software developers are generally interested in developing better habits to increase their workplace productivity and well-being, but have difficulties identifying concrete goals and actionable strategies to do so. In several areas of life, such as the physical activity and health domain, self-reflection has been shown to be successful at increasing people's awareness about a problematic behavior, motivating them to define a self-improvement goal, and fostering goal-achievement. We therefore designed a reflective goalsetting study to learn more about developers' goals and strategies to improve or maintain good habits at work. In our study, 52 professional software developers self-reflected about their work on a daily basis during two to three weeks, which resulted in a rich set of work habit goals and actionable strategies that developers pursue at work. We also found that purposeful, continuous self-reflection not only increases developers' awareness about productive and unproductive work habits (84.5%), but also leads to positive self-improvements that increase developer productivity and well-being (79.6%). We discuss how tools could support developers with a better trade-off between the cost and value of workplace self-reflection and increase long-term engagement.Abstract-Software developers are generally interested in developing better habits to increase their workplace productivity and well-being, but have difficulties identifying concrete goals and actionable strategies to do so. In several areas of life, such as the physical activity and health domain, self-reflection has been shown to be successful at increasing people's awareness about a problematic behavior, motivating them to define a self-improvement goal, and fostering goal-achievement. We therefore designed a reflective goal-setting study to learn more about developers' goals and strategies to improve or maintain good habits at work. In our study, 52 professional software developers self-reflected about their work on a daily basis during two to three weeks, which resulted in a rich set of work habit goals and actionable strategies that developers pursue at work. We also found that purposeful, continuous self-reflection not only increases developers' awareness about productive and unproductive work habits (84.5%), but also leads to positive self-improvements that increase developer productivity and well-being (79.6%). We discuss how tools could support developers with a better trade-off between the cost and value of workplace self-reflection and increase long-term engagement.

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Personal Tracking of Screen Time on Digital Devices

Cited by 55 publications

References 43 publications

A Large-Scale Study of iPhone App Launch Behaviour

A Large-Scale Study of iPhone App Launch Behaviour

Fostering software developers' productivity at work through self-monitoring and goal-setting

Enabling Good Work Habits in Software Developers through Reflective Goal-Setting

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