Personality and gender differences in friendship needs and experiences in preadolescence and young adulthood

Zarbatany, Lynne; Conley, Ryanne; Pepper, Susan

doi:10.1080/01650250344000514

Cited by 63 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Zarbatany et al (2004) distinguish between two groups of friendship aims or needs, that is, communal needs (i.e., needs for interpersonal closeness, such as intimacy and acceptance) and agentic needs (i.e., needs for individuation, such as network access and admiration). They found that twelve-year-old girls expressed higher communal friendship need than boys, whereas boys expressed higher agentic need.…”

Section: Gender Friendship Aim and Selection Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection patterns, gender and friendship aim in classroom networks

Baerveldt

Bunt²,

Vermande

2014

Z Erziehungswiss

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The social networks of students, and the underlying processes of selection, can have strong effects on their psychological and academic adjustment. The effects of gender, friendship aim (intimacy or social activities) and the combination of gender and friendship aim on selection patterns (student's activity in selecting new friends, linking with friends of friends, and similarity in behavior) were studied, using two wave data from 741 students (12-14 years old) in 27 freshmen classes in Dutch high schools.Many students did not fit the gender-typical expectations regarding friendship aim (girls preferring intimacy and boys social activities). In most classes, girls who preferred intimacy, and boys who preferred social activity, were more active in engaging in new friendships than the other girls and boys. Girls who preferred intimacy more often befriended classmates who were similar in school behaviors, whereas boys who preferred social activities more often befriended dissimilar classmates. We discuss these findings with regard to their implications for academic adjustment in terms of academic performance and wellbeing.

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Section: Gender Friendship Aim and Selection Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection patterns, gender and friendship aim in classroom networks

Baerveldt

Bunt²,

Vermande

2014

Z Erziehungswiss

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“…For example Zarbatany et al's (2004) agency-communion theory explains two types of friendship: communal and agentic. In the former, power is distributed equally for the most part, and the friendship itself is measured in terms of interpersonal closeness, which includes a large number of factors such companionship, intimacy, loyalty, security, emotional support, love and affection, nurturance, and mutual past experiences.…”

Section: Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social media and international advertising: theoretical challenges and future directions

Okazaki

Taylor

2013

International Marketing Review

297

242

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El acceso a la versión del editor puede requerir la suscripción del recurso Access to the published version may require subscription Purpose -The primary aim of this article is to identify theoretical foundations that can be used in research on social media in the context of international advertising research. An additional objective is to identify future research directions for theory building in this research area. Design/methodology/approach -The article draws on the extant literature to identify three key theoretical foundations that can be used in research on advertising in media from an advertising perspective: networking capability; image transferability; and personal extensibility. For each of these perspectives, the current state of knowledge, theoretical challenges, and future research directions are summarized. Findings -The three key theoretical perspectives (networking capability, image transferability, and personal extensibility) provide strong potential for better understanding the advantages and disadvantages of social media use for advertisers. They are also useful for identifying important research gaps that need to be filled in the future. Research limitations/implications -Research on social media advertising in an international context is still in its infancy, and needs further attention. As few cross-cultural studies have been conducted, the theories and their application will likely evolve in the future. Originality/value -A review and conceptual framework pertaining to theoretical perspective used in social media research in an international advertising context has been practically non-existent. Thus, this article is designed to serve as a solid starting point for future research endeavors.

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“…Ook stelt men in de literatuur dat zij qua vriendschapbehoeften van elkaar verschillen (Zarbatany, Conley, & Pepper, 2004). Meisjes hebben meer behoefte aan emotionele verbondenheid en vertrouwen, en vriendschappen tussen meisjes zijn exclusiever en emotioneel diepgaander dan die van jongens.…”

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“…Jongens daarentegen vinden het samen ondernemen van dingen belangrijk in hun vriendschappen. Zij zoeken kameraadschap, plezier en stimulatie bij hun vrienden en hechten in vergelijking met meisjes minder belang aan intimiteit (Zarbatany, Conley, & Pepper, 2002). Buhrmester (1996) concludeert dat meisjes voornamelijk zogenoemde communal needs hebben en jongens vooral agentic needs.…”

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Sekseverschillen in vriendschapsbehoeften

Palmen¹,

Roij²,

Vermande³

et al. 2006

Kind Adolesc.

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Summary: The purpose of this study was to examine whether there are differences in friendship needs of boys and girls, and whether there is reason to distinguish two different worlds, as is sometimes done in the literature about friendships. A Dutch translation of the 'Close Friendship Questionnaire' (CFQ) was filled in by boys (n = 664) and girls (n = 638) in the sixth grade of elementary school. Analyses revealed that girls reported more communal needs (for example: intimacy, love and affection) than boys did, whereas boys and girls both reported having more communal than agentic needs (for example: competition, power and status). Boys did not differ from girls when it came to having agentic needs. Moreover, the relations between having communal or agentic needs and social preference by peers were the same for boys and girls. The conclusion is that in our study gender differences in friendship needs are not as great as is often pointed out.Keywords: friendship needs, gender differences, communal and agentic needs. Samenvatting Doel van dit onderzoek was te kijken of er verschil bestaat tussen de vriendschapsbehoeften van jongens en meisjes en of er gesproken kan worden van twee verschillende werelden. Hiertoe werd een Nederlandse vertaling van de 'Close Friendship Questionnaire' (CFQ) afgenomen bij jongens (n = 664) en meisjes (n = 638) uit groep zeven van het basisonderwijs. Meisjes rapporteerden meer communal behoeften (denk bv. aan intimiteit, liefde en steun) dan jongens, maar jongens rapporteerden, net als meisjes, meer communal behoeften dan agentic behoeften (denk bv. aan competitie, macht en status). Jongens en meisjes verschilden niet op agentic behoeften. Bovendien waren de relaties tussen het hebben van agentic of communal vriendschapsbehoeften en sociale preferenties dezelfde voor jongens en meisjes. In dit onderzoek zijn sekseverschillen in vriendschapsbehoeften dus niet zo groot als dikwijls in de literatuur beweerd wordt.In onderzoek naar sociale relaties van kinderen wordt veel aandacht besteed aan sekseverschillen. Vaak luidt de conclusie dat er duidelijke verschillen tussen jongens en meisjes waarneembaar zijn wat betreft sociaal gedrag

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Personality and gender differences in friendship needs and experiences in preadolescence and young adulthood

Cited by 63 publications

References 59 publications

Selection patterns, gender and friendship aim in classroom networks

Selection patterns, gender and friendship aim in classroom networks

Social media and international advertising: theoretical challenges and future directions

Sekseverschillen in vriendschapsbehoeften

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