Personality and social cognition in neurodegenerative disease

Shany‐Ur, Tal; Rankin, Katherine P.

doi:10.1097/wco.0b013e32834cd42a

Cited by 71 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Some studies have identified select measures of rule violation, poor planning, perseveration, letter fluency relative to category fluency, and organizing appropriate social behavior that are more impaired in bvFTD than AD. [7][8][9][10][11] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociable executive functions in behavioral variant frontotemporal and Alzheimer dementias

et al. 2013

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Objective: The objective of this study was to determine which aspects of executive functions are most affected in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and best differentiate this syndrome from Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods:We compared executive functions in 22 patients diagnosed with bvFTD, 26 with AD, and 31 neurologically healthy controls using a conceptually driven and comprehensive battery of executive function tests, the NIH EXAMINER battery (http://examiner.ucsf.edu).Results: The bvFTD and the AD patients were similarly impaired compared with controls on tests of working memory, category fluency, and attention, but the patients with bvFTD showed significantly more severe impairments than the patients with AD on tests of letter fluency, antisaccade accuracy, social decision-making, and social behavior. Discriminant function analysis with jackknifed cross-validation classified the bvFTD and AD patient groups with 73% accuracy. Alzheimer disease (AD) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) are neurodegenerative diseases that affect executive functions. Conclusions:1,2 Executive functions support goal-oriented behavior and include working memory, inhibition, mental flexibility, fluency, self-monitoring, and organizing appropriate social behavior. [3][4][5] It is unknown whether the executive impairments are the same in both disorders, or whether differences could assist with differential diagnosis.According to a recent meta-analysis of 94 studies, the frequently used executive function tests do not reliably differentiate FTD and AD. 6 Several of the studies included progressive aphasia patients with bvFTD, making the results difficult to interpret. Some studies have identified select measures of rule violation, poor planning, perseveration, letter fluency relative to category fluency, and organizing appropriate social behavior that are more impaired in bvFTD than AD. [7][8][9][10][11]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociable executive functions in behavioral variant frontotemporal and Alzheimer dementias

et al. 2013

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“…There is a clear distinction between 'emotion perception' when it is simply used to describe the low-level perceptual processes needed to organise sensory stimulation (Shany-Ur & Rankin, 2011) and 'theory of mind' when it is used to describe the complete set of cognitive mentalising skills (McDonald, 2013). However, there is much more conceptual overlap when the term 'emotion perception' is used to describe more advanced processing such as the comprehension or understanding of emotion cues and the ability to make inferences from such cues (Hassel, et al, 2009;Kucharska-Pietura & Mortimer, 2013).…”

Section: Theory Of Mind and Emotion Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The overlapping relationship between emotion perception and theory of mind

2015

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Socio-cognitive skills are crucial for successful interpersonal interactions. Two particularly important socio-cognitive processes are emotion perception (EP) and theory of mind (ToM), but agreement is lacking on terminology and conceptual links between these constructs. Here we seek to clarify the relationship between the two at multiple levels, from concept to neuroanatomy. EP is often regarded as a low-level perceptual process necessary to decode affective cues, while ToM is usually seen as a higher-level cognitive process involving mental state deduction. In information processing models, EP tends to precede ToM. At the neuroanatomical level, lesion study data suggest that EP and ToM are both right-hemisphere based, but there is also evidence that ToM requires temporal-cingulate networks, whereas EP requires partially separable regions linked to distinct emotions. Common regions identified in fMRI studies of EP and ToM have included medial prefrontal cortex and temporal lobe areas, but differences emerge depending on the perceptual, cognitive and emotional demands of the EP and ToM tasks. For the future, clarity of definition of EP and ToM will be paramount to produce distinct task manipulations and inform models of sociocognitive processing.

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“…Patients perform poorly on laboratory-based tasks, including recognizing emotions, attending to salient information that guides social behavior, representing social knowledge, comprehending others' mental states and maintaining insight to their own difficulties [see (12) for review].…”

Section: From Pick's Disease To Frontotemporal Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%