Personality disorders in adopted versus non-adopted adults

Westermeyer, Joseph; Yoon, Gihyun; Amundson, Carla; Warwick, Marion; Kuskowski, Michael A.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.12.067

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Research on adopted adults has primarily concerned pathological disorders. For example, results indicate that adoptees have poorer mental health (Brown, Waters, & Shelton, 2019;Dekker et al, 2017;Westermeyer, Yoon, & Kuskowski, 2015) and more insecure attachment (Borders et al, 2000;Feeney, Passmore, & Peterson, 2007;Paperny, 2003) than the general population, reinforcing the image of a population at risk and justifying further investigation of adoptees' outcomes. However, as pointed out in the literature review by Palacios and Brodzinsky (2010), recent studies have also highlighted adoptees' resilience and protective factors, thereby nuancing the deficit-centered approach on this population.…”

Section: Adopted Adults' Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of adoptees’ and nonadoptees’ experience of parenthood and mediating role of dyadic coping

Despax

Bouteyre

Guiller

2020

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

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As most adoption studies have focused on adopted children and their vulnerability, with scant research on adult adoptees’ outcomes, the aim of the present study was to compare adult adoptees and nonadoptees on their experiences as parents and to explore more deeply the question of the role among adoptees of the conjugal relationship in the context of parenthood. A total of 268 adoptees matched one to one with 268 nonadoptees responded to several standardized scales (attachment, mental health, resilience, motivations for parenthood, parental stress, dyadic coping, and coparenting). The groups did not differ on the experience of parenthood, thus contradicting most previous studies. They did, however, differ on attachment, mental health and dyadic coping, with adoptees achieving lower scores. Only in the case of adoptees was dyadic coping found to have a mediating role on the relations between psychological characteristics and parental stress. Thanks to our efforts to make our samples as representative as possible, this study sheds new light on adoptees’ experience of parenthood, especially after the birth of their first child. Moreover, it presents adoptees from the perspective of resilience and offers new insights into their functioning as parents. It opens up both theoretical and clinical perspectives.

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Section: Adopted Adults' Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of adoptees’ and nonadoptees’ experience of parenthood and mediating role of dyadic coping

Despax

Bouteyre

Guiller

2020

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

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“…Increased odds of PD in adoptees were evident in the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) study, but the odds were highest, about double that of nonadoptees, for paranoid, antisocial, and avoidant PDs. 92 …”

Section: Toward An Understanding Of Etiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avoidant personality disorder: current insights

Lampe¹,

Malhi²

2018

PRBM

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Avoidant personality disorder (AVPD) is a relatively common disorder that is associated with significant distress, impairment, and disability. It is a chronic disorder with an early age at onset and a lifelong impact. Yet it is underrecognized and poorly studied. Little is known regarding the most effective treatment. The impetus for research into this condition has waxed and waned, possibly due to concerns regarding its distinctiveness from other disorders, especially social anxiety disorder (SAD), schizoid personality disorder, and dependent personality disorder. The prevailing paradigm subscribes to the “severity continuum hypothesis”, in which AVPD is viewed essentially as a severe variant of SAD. However, areas of discontinuity have been described, and there is support for retaining AVPD as a distinct diagnostic category. Recent research has focused on the phenomenology of AVPD, factors of possible etiological significance such as early parenting experiences, attachment style, temperament, and cognitive processing. Self-concept, avoidant behavior, early attachments, and attachment style may represent points of difference from SAD that also have relevance to treatment. Additional areas of research not focused specifically on AVPD, including the literature on social cognition as it relates to attachment and personality style, report findings that are promising for future research aimed at better delineating AVPD and informing treatment.

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“…We highlight that family variables play an important role in the prediction of depression because adoptive status itself did not predict differences in depression (Passmore, Feeney, Peterson, & Shimmaki, 2006). Other symptoms with greater prevalence in adopted adults compared to nonadopted samples include anxiety (Westermeyer et al, 2014), personality disorders (Westermeyer, Yoon, Amundson, Warwick, & Kuskowski, 2015), behavioral disorders (Sullivan, Wells, & Bushnell, 1995), and neuroticism (Smyer, Gatz, Simi, & Pedersen, 1998).…”

Section: Psychological Adjustment In Adult Adopteesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological adjustment in Spanish young adult domestic adoptees: Mental health and licit substance consumption.

Sánchez‐Sandoval¹,

Melero²

2019

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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Although adoptive families have been shown to provide a protective context for human development, some adopted children and adolescents are at increased risk for psychological adjustment problems. On the other hand, little is known about psychological adjustment of young adult adoptees. The aim of this study is to analyze the mental health and legal substance consumption (tobacco and alcohol) of young adults (n = 134) who were domestically adopted by Spanish families. Young adults showed significantly worse scores on the Symptom Check-List-90-R (Derogatis, 1975) and also more substance use than did the Spanish general population, but fewer difficulties than did the clinical population. On the Global Severity Index (GSI), 65.7% of adoptees were within the normal range, 24.6% were at risk, and 9.7% were within the clinical range. Male adoptees scored higher than expected for the general population on all subscales, whereas female adoptees did not. Age at adoption was not found to have a significant impact on adjustment. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Personality disorders in adopted versus non-adopted adults

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Comparison of adoptees’ and nonadoptees’ experience of parenthood and mediating role of dyadic coping

Comparison of adoptees’ and nonadoptees’ experience of parenthood and mediating role of dyadic coping

Avoidant personality disorder: current insights

Psychological adjustment in Spanish young adult domestic adoptees: Mental health and licit substance consumption.

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