Personality Traits, Early Maladaptive Schemas, and Severity of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

Arthurs, Sarah D.; Tan, Josephine C. H.

doi:10.24839/2325-7342.jn22.3.181

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Previous ED studies [ 11 ] have found significant associations between (1) cluster B personality disorders (narcissistic, antisocial, histrionic and borderline [ 27 ], and bulimic symptoms and the schemas of insufficient control, emotional deprivation and mistrust/abuse schemas; and between (2) cluster C personality disorders [avoidance, dependent and obsessive–compulsive, [ 27 ]], and restrictive ED symptoms and the schemas of failure to achieve, social undesirability, subjugation and unrelenting standards [ 28 , 29 ]. These maladaptive schemas have also been associated with NSSI in both clinical ED patients [ 11 ] and non-clinical ED samples [ 30 ]. Therefore, the literature has identified insecure attachment and maladaptive schemas as essential precursors of both ED and NSSI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new integrative model for the co-occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury behaviours and eating disorder symptoms

et al. 2021

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Objective The high co-occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviours and eating disorder (ED) symptoms suggests these conditions share common aetiological processes. We assessed a new integrative model of shared factors for NSSI and ED symptoms, where affect dysregulation, impulsivity, self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction mediated the relationship between insecure attachment and maladaptive schemas and NSSI and ED symptoms. A further aim of the study was to assess whether the model behaved similarly across a clinical eating disorder (ED) and a community sample. Method 123 females with a lifetime ED diagnosis and 531 female individuals from the community completed an online survey, which included measures assessing the variables of interest. A cross-sectional single time point analysis was used. Results Invariance testing indicated that the model was structurally non-invariant (different across groups). The proposed integrative model was a good fit for the ED group, but for the community sample only a revised model reached an acceptable fit. Both attachment and maladaptive schemas, included early in the model, were implicated in the pathways leading to ED and NSSI symptoms in the ED and community groups. In the community group, impulsivity, a mediator, was a shared predictor for NSSI and bulimic symptoms. No other mediating variables were shared by NSSI and ED symptoms in the two groups. Overall, the proposed model explained slightly more variance for the ED group relative to the community group in drive for thinness (R2 = .57 vs .51) and NSSI (R2 = .29 vs .24) but less variance in bulimic symptoms (R2 = .33 vs .39). Conclusion We conclude that the current model provides only limited support for explaining the comorbidity between NSSI and ED symptoms. It is vital to consider both common (e.g., attachment and maladaptive schemas) and specific factors (e.g., impulsivity) to better understand the pathways that lead to the co-occurrence of NSSI and ED symptoms. A new integrative model assessed whether emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction were mediators in the relationship between insecure attachment and maladaptive beliefs about the world and the self and subsequent eating disorder and self-harm symptoms. A further aim was to assess whether the proposed model differed between a clinical eating disorder and a community sample. All participants were female and included 123 patients with a lifetime eating disorder and 531 individuals from the community. Participating individuals completed an online survey at one timepoint, which included measures assessing the variables of interest. The findings of the current study indicated that the proposed model was a good match for the clinical eating disorder sample, but for the community sample only a revised model yielded acceptable statistical fit. Both insecure attachment and maladaptive beliefs about the world and the self, included early in the model, were indirectly related to eating disorder and self-harm symptoms for both the eating disorder and the community groups. Impulsivity, a mediator, was the only shared predictor for self-harm, and bulimic symptoms in the community group. We conclude that the current model provides only limited support for explaining the comorbidity between self-harming behaviours and disordered eating symptoms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new integrative model for the co-occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury behaviours and eating disorder symptoms

et al. 2021

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“…Similarly, Mairet, Boag, and Warburton (2014) indicate the role of neuroticism, especially strong in relation to the domain of Disconnection/ Rejection. Arthurs and Tan (2017) studied people with a history of non-suicidal self-injury who were characterized by a significantly higher intensity of both schemas and the level of neuroticism than the control group. Based on these and similar studies, it can be assumed that if it is possible to observe mutual relations between schemas and neuroticism, and between schemas and emotions, there is probably also a significant relationship between all variables at the same time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediating role of neuroticism between early maladaptive schemas and negative emotionality

Mącik¹,

Łysiak²,

Mącik³

2019

Current Issues in Personality Psychology

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The study contributes to the understanding of the relation between neuroticism, early maladaptive schemas and negative emotionality. Various studies of schemas and neuroticism with the connection of negative emotionality do not give an answer to the question how these three variables co-exist with each other. The main purpose of the research was to determine whether neuroticism strengthens the effect of schemas in the prediction of intensity of anxiety and depression, or whether the roles of these variables are independent of each other. participants and procedure 493 healthy participants were included in the study, where 66% were female respondents and the age range was 16-61 years of age (M = 31.00, SD = 11.96). The Young Schema Questionnaire Short Form Version (YSQ-S3), the Revised Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) by Costa and McCrae and the Personality Inventory (SPI, TPI by Spielberger & Reheiser) were used. results The results show a strong relationship between Rejection and Disconnection schemas and negative emotionality, strongly mediated by neuroticism. The trigger for the trait of neuroticism is the intensification of depressive traits, understood as a set of emotional symptoms, i.e. a high level of anxiety, experiencing frequent anger towards oneself, and simultaneously a strong sense of guilt for negative thoughts resulting in a sense of hopelessness. conclusions Most of the problems leading to anxiety or depression symptoms originate in schemas of Rejection and Disconnection and neuroticism is a strong mediator for negative emotionality.

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“…RBTCC 23 (2021) Todos os trabalhos analisados foram estudos de levantamento com corte transversal, que buscaram verificar a relação entre autolesão e EIDs através da aplicação de instrumentos e análise quantitativa dos dados. Em relação às amostras dos estudos, a maioria dos estudos utilizou população comunitária (Arthurs & Tan, 2017;Lewis et al,2015;Quirk et al, 2015), sendo dois com estudantes universitários (Lewis, Lumley, & Grunberg, 2015;Quirk, Wier, Martin, & Christian, 2015). O terceiro estudo com a amostra comunitária buscou comparar três grupos (M = 25, 23 anos; DP = 8, 14 anos), realizando uma diferenciação entre os níveis de autolesão (alto e baixo) e grupo sem autolesão.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Esquemas Iniciais Desadaptativos e Autolesão Não Suicida

Kamazaki

Gorelik

Motta

et al. 2022

Rev. Bras. Ter. Comp. Cogn.

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Autolesão não suicida são ações intencionais de causar dano ao próprio corpo, sem a intenção suicida e sem propósitos sociais ou culturalmente aceitos. Já os Esquemas Iniciais Desadaptativos (EIDs) são definidos como crenças centrais e amplas que provocam emoções negativas e comportamentos disfuncionais. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar através de uma revisão sistemática de artigos nacionais e internacionais se existe uma relação entre autolesão não suicida e EIDs. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados: SciELO, PePSIC, Index Psi, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Science Direct e PsycINFO (APA), com os descritores: “early maladaptive schemas”, “schema therapy”, “schemas” e “esquemas iniciais desadaptativos”, “Non-suicidal self-injury”, “NSSI”, “self-harm”, “self-injury” e “autolesão”. Para análise final foram selecionados 5 artigos. Apesar das pesquisas sugerirem uma relação entre autolesão e EIDs, os resultados ainda são inconclusivos e necessitam de mais investigação empírica com amostras diversas.

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Personality Traits, Early Maladaptive Schemas, and Severity of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

A new integrative model for the co-occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury behaviours and eating disorder symptoms

A new integrative model for the co-occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury behaviours and eating disorder symptoms

Mediating role of neuroticism between early maladaptive schemas and negative emotionality

Esquemas Iniciais Desadaptativos e Autolesão Não Suicida

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