Personalized B cell response to the <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG</i> probiotic in healthy human subjects: a randomized trial

Bornholdt, Jette; Broholm, Christa; Chen, Yun; Rago, Alfredo; Sloth, Stine; Hendel, Jakob; Melsæther, Cathrine; Müller, Christina V; Nielsen, Mads Eggert; Strickertsson, Jesper A.B.; Engelholm, Lars H.; Vitting-Seerup, Kristoffer; Jensen, Kim B.; Baker, Adam; Sandelin, Albin

doi:10.1080/19490976.2020.1854639

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Studies showed that Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG) intervention can promote the development and function of B lymphocytes by increasing the expression of CD40, CD80 and MHC-II on B cell surface and activating the secretion of IgA and IgM as well as decreasing the IgG ( 66 ). In addition, a randomized trial demonstrated that LGG has an immediate effect in the human gut with upregulating genes related to B cell activation ( 67 ). Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, which participate in the transmission of information in the process of B cell differentiation, assist in the activation of B cells.…”

Section: The Role Of Lactobacillus On Immune Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus: Friend or Foe for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?

2022

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The cause of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) remains largely unknown, despite the fact that it is well understood that a complex interaction between genes and environment is required for disease development. Microbiota serve as activators and are essential to immune homeostasis. Lactobacillus is thought to be an environmental agent affecting the development of SLE. However, beneficial therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects of Lactobacillus on SLE were also explored. The discovery of Lactobacillus involvement in SLE will shed light on how SLE develops, as well as finding microbiota-targeted biomarkers and novel therapies. In this review, we attempt to describe the two sides of Lactobacillus in the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of SLE. We also discuss the effect of different strains Lactobacillus on immune cells, murine lupus, and patients. Finally, we try to illustrate the potential immunological mechanisms of Lactobacillus on SLE and provide evidence for further microbiota-targeted therapies.

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Section: The Role Of Lactobacillus On Immune Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus: Friend or Foe for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?

2022

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“…LGG probiotic triggers immediate adaptive immune response via B cells in humans. 13 Although the responsible upstream adhesion factors are not known the immediate effect is most possibly due to adhesion factors (6). The illustrative figure is shown without subdivision of GIT location (i.e.…”

Section: Adhesion Factors and Potential Downstream Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon adhesion, LGG pili are important adhesins with immunomodulatory properties on the intestinal mucosal. 13 , 103 In fact, glycans on LGG pili can be recognized by dendritic cells via a C-type lectin receptor 37 ( Figure 1 ). These interactions are of functional importance to induce dendritic cells hence pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-12 and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 37 ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Adhesion Factors and Potential Downstream Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this innate immune signaling can be induced also by several commensals, to what extent this relates to adaptive immunity is not known. Bornholdt et al 13 showed that only 2 h after administration of LGG, it was found in the jejunum of healthy participants. The study clustering analysis shows that adaptive immunity (B-cell activation) genes were upregulated only in one third of the participants.…”

Section: Adhesion Factors and Potential Downstream Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While in vitro experiments help to select a potentially effective strain, and animal studies may demonstrate efficacy, human clinical studies that can confirm health effects often fail. 12 , 13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The potential role of adherence factors in probiotic function in the gastrointestinal tract of adults and pediatrics: a narrative review of experimental and human studies

Gorreja

Walker

2022

Gut Microbes

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Numerous studies point to the important role of probiotic bacteria in gastrointestinal health. Probiotics act through mechanisms affecting enteric pathogens, epithelial barrier function, immune signaling, and conditioning of indigenous microbiota. Once administered, probiotics reach the gastrointestinal tract and interact with the host through bacterial surface molecules, here called adhesion factors, which are either strain- or specie-specific. Probiotic adhesion, through structural adhesion factors, is a mechanism that facilitates persistence within the gastrointestinal tract and triggers the initial host responses. Thus, an understanding of specific probiotic adhesion mechanisms could predict how specific probiotic strains elicit benefits and the potential of adherence factors as a proxy to predict probiotic function. This review summarizes the present understanding of probiotic adherence in the gastrointestinal tract. It highlights the bacterial adhesion structure types, their molecular communication with the host and the consequent impact on intestinal diseases in both adult and pediatric populations. Finally, we discuss knockout/isolation studies as direct evidence for adhesion factors conferring anti-inflammatory and pathogen inhibition properties to a probiotic. What is known : Probiotics can be used to treat clinical conditions. Probiotics improve dysbiosis and symptoms. Clinical trials may not confirm in vitro and animal studies. What is new : Adhesion structures may be important for probiotic function. Need to systematically determine physical characteristics of probiotics before selecting for clinical trials. Probiotics may be genetically engineered to add to clinical efficacy.

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