Pesca esportiva e pesca artesanal: Lazer e sobrevivência na Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí (PA)

Abstract

Este artigo descreve o cenário que envolve a pesca e suas nuances no lago artificial da hidrelétrica de Tucuruí-Pa (Brasil). Enfatiza as contradições no acesso e uso dos recursos pesqueiros que permeiam realidades bastante antagônicas: um grupo que realiza a pesca esportiva por diversão e lazer e outro de pescadores artesanais que busca o sustento nesta atividade, principal fonte de renda e de alimento. Os procedimentos metodológicos primaram pela investigação junto aos pescadores no interior do lago por meio de trabalho de campo e compilação de dados secundários em três municípios que detêm a maior produção de pesca (Tucuruí, Nova Jacundá e Novo Repartimento) dos sete que envolvem o lago. Tece análise a partir das políticas de ecoturismo, da pesca esportiva e da pesca artesanal. Utiliza-se da categoria memória coletiva para descrever o ambiente aquático anterior ao lago e compreender de que forma esta memória contribui para os pescadores locais e os imigrantes no processo de adaptação e criação de novas práticas para acesso e uso dos recursos pesqueiros. O artigo conclui que a pesca esportiva, concebida como uma atividade de ecoturismo desenvolvida em um ambiente fortemente impactado impõe uma nova dinâmica aos pescadores artesanais, demandando dos mesmos a informação sobre a localização dos pontos de pesca e a geografia do lago. Por outro lado, o pescador artesanal passa a se relacionar com a sociedade maior através do seu saber, estabelecendo uma relação com o mercado mediada por um novo produto: o saber sobre a própria atividade da pesca.
 
 Sport fishing and artisanal fishing: Leisure and subsistence at the Tucuruí (PA, Brazil) hydroelectric power plant 
 
 AABSTRACT 
 This article describes the context related to fishing and its nuances at the artificial lake at the hydroelectric power plant of Tucuruí (PA, Brazil). The article emphasizes the contradictions in the access and use of fishing resources of quite antagonistic realities: a group involved in sport fishing for recreation and leisure and another group of artisanal fishermen that carry out the activity as their main form of subsistence, source of income and food supply. The methodological procedures focused mainly on an investigation with lake fishermen by means of a fieldwork and the compilation of secondary data in 3 of the 7 municipalities that sorround the lake. The municipalities of Tucuruí, Nova Jacundá and Novo Repartimento present the major fishing production in the area. The article also develops and analysis based on ecotourism policies, sport fishing and artisanal fishing. The category collective memory is used to describe the aquatic environment before the creation of the lake and understand how this form of memory contributes to local fishermen and immigrants in the process of adaptation and creation of new practices for the access and use of fishing resources. The study concludes that sport fishing, conceived as an ecotourism activity developed in an environment that is greatly impacted imposes a new dynamic to artisanal fishermen, demanding from them the information about the localization of the fishing spots and the geography of the lake. On the other hand, artisanal fishermen develop a form of relationship with society through its knowledge, establishing a relation with the market mediated by a new product: the knowledge about the fishing activity itself..
 
 KEYWORDS: Artificial Lake; Sport Fishing; Artisanal Fishing; Collective Memory; Ecotourism.

Socioeconomic aspects of sport fisheries in a neotropical reservoir

“…The predominance of male fishermen, as observed in our results, in sport fishing events has been a recurrent pattern in this type of fishery around the world (e.g., Argentina (LLompart et al, 2012); France (Herfaut et al, 2013); Canada (Brownscombe et al, 2014); India (Gupta et al, 2016); and USA (ASA, 2016)). In Brazil, other studies have revealed the same pattern: a greater prevalence of male fishermen in sport fisheries, such as in the North (Santos & Oliveira Junior, 1999;Salazar Filho et al, 2005;Silva & Lima, 2015;Souza & Cañete, 2016;Souza et al, 2017), Midwest (Abreu et al, 2015), Southeast (Tsuruda et al, 2013;Peixer & Petrere Júnior, 2009;Tarcitani & Barrella, 2009;Silva et al, 2016) and South (Schork, et al, 2010;Basaglia & Vieira, 2005;Harayashiki et al, 2011;Menezes et al, 2012) regions.…”

Abordagem Multidisciplinar Para a Identificação Dos Sistemas Pesqueiros Em Um Reservatório Amazônico: Estudo De Caso Na Hidrelétrica De Tucuruí

“…In a highly impacted environment, sport fishing, perceived hypothetically as an ecotourism activity, imposes a new dynamic on the local artisanal fishers, who are required to provide information on fishing grounds and the geographic features of the reservoir. At the same time, however, the universe of the artisanal fishers has expanded to embrace the wider society through the establishment of market relationships mediated by their knowledge of the local fisheries (Souza and Cañete, 2015).…”