Pesquisa-ação emancipatória para construção de material de apoio a atividades educativas sobre drogas

Abstract

Introduction: The object/subject matter of this research is the educational material to support educational activities related to drugs and carried out with young people. Historically, the public policies in the field of drug consumption are grounded in the prohibitionist paradigm, which has led to prescriptive and frightening educational practices. A significant portion of educational and media materials on drugs present questionable contents and forms as youth is taken as vulnerable or at risk for drug addiction, and the messages distort the truth about the consume, as they are based on moralistic and functionalist perspectives. This study is grounded on the Collective Health perspective, which posits that drug consume is a social issue and youth is a category referred to history and social class. This means that individuals who compose the social classes develop particular relationships with drugs and present different problems due to this relationship. Objective: based on the Collective Health and Emancipatory Education underpinnings, the aim of this investigation is to build an educational support material about drugs for workers dealing with young people in the health, education, and social service, among others fields. Method: it a qualitative research developed from an emancipatory approach to action research. Participants were researchers and health workers, with interest and experience in this field, and members of the research group "Strengthening and weakening in work and life: basis for intervention in collective health" from The School of Nursing of The University of São Paulo. The drafting process was conducted through emancipatory workshops, and therefore the themes were selected according to the development of the discussions. Results: The material was built in 14 workshops, involving discussions mainly about the following topics: capitalist society and class structure; social reproduction; social values and ideology; emancipatory education; youth and contemporary problems; problematic drug consumption and health-disease process. We created the Drug education workbook: how to working with young people, organized in three axes: 1) structural dimension which discusses the capitalist structure of current society, 2) superstructural dimension which discusses ideology and values in contemporary society and its relationship with drug consumption, 3) social responses of youth to social contradictions which discusses how to strengthen young people for political organization. The axes are made up as follows: a supporting text about the central subject of the axe; a to learn more section, indicating films and other supporting texts; a guiding questions section, to didactically support the process of discussion with young people; a pedagogical strategy section, with suggestions of activities to be developed with young people during educational processes. Conclusion: The educational material was elaborated based on scientific and critical knowledge of existing forms of drug consumption which permit to demyst...

As relações entre o executivo e o legislativo e a elaboração da politica economica na primeira experiencia de democracia presidencialista pluripartidaria brasileira (1946-1964)

“…intervenção do Estado no domínio econômico e de sua prerrogativa de monopolizar determinada indústria ou atividade econômica. O discurso de Artur Bernardes em defesa de sua emenda é um verdadeiro libelo contra o intervencionismo do Estado na economia, paradoxalmente muito mais radical que o conteúdo da emenda que formulou ao texto, que fazia poucas alterações substantivas ao dispositivo, apenas restringindo a possibilidade de monopolização para ocasiões em que a "segurança nacional" o exigisse 84 . Citando seu próprio exemplo de cafeicultor e usineiro na zona da mata mineira, censura veementemente a intervenção do Estado na economia concentrando-se no exemplo das autarquias (DNC, IAA etc.…”

“…"ARTUR BERNARDES: ...Não é possível que, depois dos exemplos que nos oferecem os Institutos que desgraçaram e ainda desgraçam a nação, coloquemos na Constituinte dispositivo dessa ordem. Só excepcionalissimamente (sic) deve ser lícito ao 84 É conveniente lembrar aqui que Artur Bernardes foi um dos principais personagens da luta pelo monopólio estatal do Petróleo, o que talvez cause estranheza ao leitor sua inclusão na corrente 'neoliberal". Entretanto, a admissão do princípio da intervenção do Estado por Bernardes limitava-se ao monopólio na exploração do Petróleo e de jazidas minerais, cujas causas remontam aos conflitos que teve com as mineradoras estrangeiras de Percival Farquar durante sua gestão no governo do estado de Minas Gerais na República Velha.…”