Pest management in cowpea. Part 3. Quantifying the effect of cowpea field pests on grain yields in eastern Uganda

Karungi, J.; Adipala, E.; Nampala, P.; Ogenga-Latigo, M.W.; Kyamanywa, Samuel

doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(00)00027-2

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The toxicity conferred by Cyper diforce was superior to that of other treatments in protecting cowpea thereby increasing yield compared with the control. Our findings are in accordance with Karungi et al (2000) and Ebenezer (2010) and Oyewale et al (2014) who reported significant yield loss.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) [Lepidoptera: Pyralidae] larval population dynamics as affected by intra-row spacing, sowing dates and biopesticides on cowpea

Muhammad¹,

Malgwi

Adamu

2017

jsa

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The objective of the research was to test the effect of sowing dates, intra-row spacing and biopesticides on the larval population dynamics of M. vitrata in Samaru, Nigeria. The experiment was laid out with biopesticides (B0; control, B1; Neem seeds kernel extract (NKE), B2; Maruca vitrata Multinucleopolyhedrosis virus (MaviMNPV) suspension and B3; Cyper diforce (30 g cypermethrin + 250 g dimethoate). The result at 10 WAS showed that varying sowing dates to SD3 significantly (P=.01) reduced mean population of M. vitrata larva in sampled flowers in all the years and the combine. MaviMNPV was effective in reducing pod borer populations (7.22, 6.11 and 6.67) better than NKE (10.19, 5.74 and 7.96) and Cyper diforce (7.41, 8.89 and 8.15). The control significantly recorded the highest mean (11.67, 12.59 and 12.13) population in all the years and the combined. Similarly, varying sowing dates to SD3 significantly reduced mean population (5.56, 5.00 and 5.28) of M. vitrata in cowpea pods sampled 10 WAS better than SD1 and SD2. Statistically similar effect of biopesticides was observed on mean population of M. vitrata, however, the control recorded the highest mean (22.59 and 13.89) in 2015 cropping season and the combined. High cowpea grain yield was obtained in SD2 (337.85, 689.10 and 800.66 kg ha -1 ) even though statistically similar with SD3 (244.89, 618.10 and 639.68 kg ha -1 ). Cyper diforce treated plots gave the highest yield of 394.56, 887.69 and 976.51 kg ha -1 during 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons and combine but was statistically at far (P=.01) with NKE and MaviMNPV. The interaction of SD2 and Cyper diforce gave the highest grain yield. The effect of sowing at SD2 and insecticide spray will give a better control of M. vitrata for an increased yield of cowpea in the study area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) [Lepidoptera: Pyralidae] larval population dynamics as affected by intra-row spacing, sowing dates and biopesticides on cowpea

Muhammad¹,

Malgwi

Adamu

2017

jsa

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“…This low level of productivity is attributed to a complex of insect pests and diseases, poor agronomic practices and use of low yielding cultivars (Boukar et al, 2016). Several insect pests attack cowpea in the field and studies have indicated flower bud thrips (Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom) to be the most damaging in Africa (Karungi et al, 2000;Ngakou et al, 2008;Muchero et al, 2009). The yield reduction due to flower buds thrips ranges from 20 to 80%, but under severe infestation, complete yield loss may occur (Omo-Ikerodah et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there have been no targeted studies on cowpea germplasm reaction to flower bud thrips in Uganda and farmers are still growing the susceptible cultivars (Asio et al, 2005). Studies under natural infestation indicated possible existence of thrips resistant lines among the local cowpea cultivars (Karungi et al, 2000;Mbeyagala et al, 2014). The objective of this study was to identify the cowpea lines that are resistant to flower thrips for the development of sustainable thrips management strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability and extent of resistance of cowpea lines to flower bud thrips in Uganda

Agbahoungba¹,

Karungi²,

Odong³

et al. 2017

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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“…Soybean aphid (A. glycines) can induce up to 58% yield losses in soybean crop (Wang et al 1994) and annually $2.4 billion estimated losses in yield (Song et al 2006;Tilmon et al 2011). Legume flower thrips (LFT), M. sjostedti Trybom, and cowpea V. unguiculata in tropical Africa cause yield losses ranging from 20% to 100% (Karungi et al 2000). The avoidable losses in grain/food legumes at current production levels of 60.45 million tonnes would be nearly 18.14 million tonnes (at an average loss of 30%), worth at nearly US$ 10 billion (Sharma et al 2008).…”

Section: Extent Of Losses Due To Insect Pests In Grain Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Proof and Utilization of Resistance of Insect Pests in Grain Legumes: Progress and Limitations

Sharma

Jaba

Vashisth

2017

Breeding Insect Resistant Crops for Sustainable Agriculture

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Major food legumes including chickpea, pigeon pea, cowpea, field pea, lentil, faba bean, black gram, green gram, and Phaseolus beans play a vital role in food, nutritional security, and sustainable crop production. Several insect pests damage grain legumes, of which Helicoverpa armigera; Maruca vitrata; Etiella zinckenella; Spodoptera litura and S. exigua; Melanagromyza obtusa; Ophiomyia phaseoli; Aphis craccivora and Bemisia tabaci; Empoasca spp., Megalurothrips dorsalis, and Caliothrips indicus; Mylabris spp.; and Callosobruchus chinensis crusade extensive losses. Appreciable progress has been made in formulating techniques to evaluate germplasm, mapping populations, and genetically modified crops for resistance to insect pests under field and greenhouse conditions. No-choice and dual-choice cage screening techniques, detached leaf assay, and diet incorporation assays have been standardized to screen for resistance to major insect pests in grain legumes. However, some of these techniques cannot be used to screen against stem flies, pod fly, leafhoppers, thrips, and aphids. There is a need to develop methods for mass multiplication of aforesaid insects to undertake precise phenotyping for resistance to these insects. There is a necessity to identify lines with different resistance mechanisms/components of resistance for gene pyramiding to explicate cultivars with the stable source of resistance to insect pests. Prominent levels of resistance to the pod borers have been found in the wild accessions of chickpea, 132 pigeon pea, and cowpea, which can be exploited to introgress genes to heighten the levels and diversify the basis of resistance to insect pests to build host plant resistance a viable component of pest management in grain legumes for sustainable crop production.

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Pest management in cowpea. Part 3. Quantifying the effect of cowpea field pests on grain yields in eastern Uganda

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) [Lepidoptera: Pyralidae] larval population dynamics as affected by intra-row spacing, sowing dates and biopesticides on cowpea

Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) [Lepidoptera: Pyralidae] larval population dynamics as affected by intra-row spacing, sowing dates and biopesticides on cowpea

Stability and extent of resistance of cowpea lines to flower bud thrips in Uganda

Distinguishing Proof and Utilization of Resistance of Insect Pests in Grain Legumes: Progress and Limitations

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