Pesticide Residues in Bee Products

Karazafiris, Emmanouel; Tananaki, Chrysoula; Thrasyvoulou, Andreas; Menkissoglu‐Spiroudi, Urania

doi:10.5772/19409

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…농작물의 재배 중 사용한 농약은 최종적으로 생산된 농산물 또는 가공식품에 잔류되어 인체에 위해를 줄 수 있으며, 이에 대한 소비자들의 우려 및 관심에 따른 정부의 잔류량 규제 및 학계의 지속적인 관심에 의하여 잔류농약 분석에 관한 공 정분석법들이 갖추어져 왔다 [1,8,26]. 잔류농약의 공정분석법 으로서는, 목표농약성분의 극성, 비점 및 내열성 등에 따라서 gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) 및 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) 등의 기기학적 기술들이 적용되어 왔다 [5,6,10,11,13,22,24]. 그러나, 농약이 함유 또는 부착된 매체인 농산물 또는 식품성분의 복잡성 그리고 잔류농약의 희박한 농도로 인하여, 기기분석 이전에 목표농약의 정제 및 농축을 위하여 매체성분 및 농약의 특성을 고려한 전처리가 필수적이 다 [1,6,7,26].…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

“…그러나, 농약이 함유 또는 부착된 매체인 농산물 또는 식품성분의 복잡성 그리고 잔류농약의 희박한 농도로 인하여, 기기분석 이전에 목표농약의 정제 및 농축을 위하여 매체성분 및 농약의 특성을 고려한 전처리가 필수적이 다 [1,6,7,26]. 이러한 전처리방법으로서 용매-용매추출법(liquidliquid extraction) [7]이 널리 사용되고 있었으나, 근래 FDA와 KFDA에서 공정법으로 채택하고 있는 solid-phase extraction cartridge [5,11,20], 캐나다의 Waterloo 대학에서 개발한 solid-phase micro extraction [23], 그밖에 matrix solid-phase dispersion [14,23] 및 gel permeation chromatographic clean-up [2], accelerated solvent extraction [12,25] 등 다양한 전처리법 이 개발되었으며, 기존의 용매-용매추출법에 비해 간편하고 신속하면서 용매 소비량이 적은 장점 때문에 최근 잔류농약분 석에서 널리 이용되고 있는 추세이다 [5,11,12,14,20,23,27] 권장기준인 변이계수(coefficient of variation, CV) 값이 각각 70～110%와 20% 이내, FAO는 70～120%와 20% 이내, 미국 FDA는 회수율 값을 80～110%로 운영하고 있다 [6,7,21]. 본 연 구에서 파속류에 대한 농약 40종의 회수율은 농산물의 종과 농약의 종류에 따라서 달랐다 (Table 2～4).…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

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Efficiency of Silver Ion-Silica Solid Phase Extraction for Elimination of Sulfur Compounds during Pesticide Multiresidue Analysis in Allium Species

Park¹,

Moon²,

Choi³

et al. 2010

Journal of Life Science

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Since organic sulfur compounds respond to GC/ECD sensitively, they interfere with quantitative separation of pesticides during residual pesticide analysis of Allium species. In this study, it was intended to develop a rapid and simple method for pesticide multi-residues analysis through clean-up and interferences by a solid-phase extraction (SPE). An SPE method employing silver nitrate impregnated Florosil cartridge was developed and evaluated for the elimination of sulfur compounds from the test solution of Allium species during pesticide residues analysis. The silver nitrate impregnated Florosil cartridge was prepared by efflux of 3 ml of 20% silver nitrate solution through Florosil cartridge (1 g packing, 6 ml tube). The extracts equivalent to 2, 4 6, and 10 g of each sample were loaded onto the cartridge and allowed to exude, and then the exudations were analyzed by GC/ECD. More than 95% of sulfur compounds were removed from the loaded extracts equivalent, up to 6 g in onion, 4 g in spring onion and 4 g in shallot, respectively. 40 pesticides were spiked in the Allium species and loaded onto the cartridge to determine the recoveries; from this, the recoveries of 34 pesticides were within 70～120%.

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Section: 서 론unclassified

Efficiency of Silver Ion-Silica Solid Phase Extraction for Elimination of Sulfur Compounds during Pesticide Multiresidue Analysis in Allium Species

Park¹,

Moon²,

Choi³

et al. 2010

Journal of Life Science

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show abstract

“…This carry-over could lead to an exceeding maximum residue limits, which could pose a health risk to consumers and honeybee health (Benuszak et al, 2017;Wilmart et al, 2016). Nevertheless, transfer of flumethrin from beeswax to honey has been estimated as negligible (EMEA, 1998; Karazafiris et al, 2012;Wallner, 1999) as its octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7 and 20°C (i.e. Log P) is 6.2 (Veterinary Substances Data Base, Pesticide Properties DataBase: http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/ppdb/en/atoz.htm), which corresponds to a highly lipophilic substance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Belgian case study on flumethrin residues in beeswax: Possible impact on honeybee and prediction of the maximum daily intake for consumers

Agrebi

Wilmart

Urbain³

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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To assess the health risk posed by flumethrin residues in beeswax to honeybees and honey consumers, 124 wax samples randomly distributed in Belgium were analysed for flumethrin residues using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The risk posed by flumethrin residues in beeswax to honeybee health was assessed through the calculation of a non-pondered and a pondered Hazard Quotient by the prevalence rate of flumethrin considering an oral or topical exposure. No statistical difference was found when comparing both the average flumethrin residues concentrations and contact and oral pondered hazard quotients between apiaries with lower and equal or higher than 10% of colony loss. Flumethrin residues estimated daily intake by Belgian consumers through honey and wax ingestion was estimated via a deterministic (worst-case scenario) and a probabilistic approach. The probabilistic approach was not possible for beeswax consumption due to the lack of individual consumption data.

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“…To date, there are many published methods available in literatures for acaricide residue analysis in different matrices using GC or LC . The use of GC and LC commonly has drawbacks of high capital and operating expense, complexity of method development, time‐consuming, and extensive data handing requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiresidue method for the simultaneous determination of 16 acaricides by modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction andultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry in citrus

et al. 2015

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An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry analytical method was developed for simultaneously determining 16 acaricides in citrus based on an optimized quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe strategy. Good linearities of the standard curve of 5-1000 μg/kg was obtained with regression coefficients higher than 0.9967. Recoveries for all compounds ranged from 72 to 111% with relative standard deviations lower than 14.4% at spiked levels of 5, 50, and 500 μg/kg. Low limits of detection and quantification were readily achieved ranging from 0.05 to 2.7 and 0.10 to 4.3 μg/kg, respectively. Matrix effects were also evaluated for 16 targets with most compounds achieved signal enhancement. Citrus peel gave the highest extent matrix effects, followed by whole citrus and pulp. Finally, this method was successfully applied to detect acaricides residues in real citrus samples. The results showed that pyridaben and quinalphos were the two most frequent and high-concentration compounds with concentrations exceeding the maximum residue limits in five samples, suggesting that the use of these acaricides should be regulated in China in the future.

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Pesticide Residues in Bee Products

Cited by 15 publications

References 98 publications

Efficiency of Silver Ion-Silica Solid Phase Extraction for Elimination of Sulfur Compounds during Pesticide Multiresidue Analysis in Allium Species

Efficiency of Silver Ion-Silica Solid Phase Extraction for Elimination of Sulfur Compounds during Pesticide Multiresidue Analysis in Allium Species

Belgian case study on flumethrin residues in beeswax: Possible impact on honeybee and prediction of the maximum daily intake for consumers

Multiresidue method for the simultaneous determination of 16 acaricides by modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction andultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry in citrus

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