Pesticides, Anthropogenic Activities, and the Health of Our Environment Safety

AL-Ahmadi, Mona Saud

doi:10.5772/intechopen.84161

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Therefore, to ensure sustainability in a plant-based economy, it is of utmost importance to adopt effective strategies that can restrict the losses associated with biotic stress. Several agrochemicals are in use to circumvent the issue of losses associated with biotic stress, however, the injudicious use of such hazardous agrochemicals has resulted in their accrual in the food chain that has raised environmental and human health concerns [22,23]. Several research studies have documented the use of essential oils as pesticides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Potential of Essential Oils from Aromatic Plant Ocimum sp.; A Comparative Biochemical Profiling and In-Silico Analysis

et al. 2022

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Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) are a rich source of bioactive compounds that are immensely important due to their potential use in pharmacological and agricultural applications. Here, we have evaluated the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) from three different species of Ocimum: O. gratissimum (EO1), O. tenuiflorum (EO2), and O. sanctum (EO3). The EOs were screened for antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The essential oils EO1 and EO3 showed significant growth inhibition of the tested bacteria. Likewise, all EOs exhibited antifungal potential against the broad-spectrum plant fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum that causes white-mould disease in plants. Moreover, the antimicrobial potential of the EOs correlates well with their antioxidant activity determined by DPPH free radical scavenging activity. The biochemical analysis of the EOs employing high-performance thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, revealed the presence of distinct phytoconstituents that might be responsible for their differential bioactivity. Furthermore, an in-silico evaluation of the candidate phytoconstituents using molecular docking analysis suggests their potential for antimicrobial applications. Altogether, our results clearly show that EO1 and EO3 possess promising antimicrobial properties, and therefore could be utilized as a potential antimicrobial agent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Potential of Essential Oils from Aromatic Plant Ocimum sp.; A Comparative Biochemical Profiling and In-Silico Analysis

et al. 2022

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“…In the context of climate change, the MAPs exposure to (a)biotic stress, including extreme temperatures, drought, flooding, diseases caused by pests, etc., affects the functionality of cellular and metabolic processes, limiting their growth and development, and finally reducing the yield and quality of the productions obtained [1][2][3][4]. Agrochemicals have been used to avoid losses associated with biotic stress; however, the irrational use has led to their accumulation in the food chain, with implications for human health and causing several environmental problems [5]. Studies have documented the use of EOs as pesticides, since they are presenting high volatile potential, low persistence, and low toxicity to vertebrates, which is safer in terms of health issues and environmental impact than chemicals [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects of Essential Oils Extracted from Two New Ocimum basilicum L. Varieties

et al. 2022

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Recent agricultural research aims to identify novel applications for plant extracts as efficient defenses against weeds, insects, or phytopathogenic agents. The main goal of the present study was to evaluate two new varieties of basil (Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae), Yellow basil, “Aromat de Buzau” variety and Red-violet basil, “Serafim” variety. The basil varieties were studied under different aspects regarding biochemical characterization using GC-MS, antioxidant activity evaluated under three methods (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP), and antimicrobial properties (for three G-bacteria: Perctobacterium carotovorum, Pseudomonas marginalis, Pseudomonas syringae and three phytopathogenic fungi: Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea). The results showed that linalool (39.28%; 55.51%), estragole (31.48%; 9.78%), and eugenol (5.42%; 7.63%) are the main compounds identified in the extracts, validating the high antioxidant activity of the studied essential oils and floral waters. When applied in high concentrations, essential oils have shown a potential bactericidal effect on P. carotovorum as well as a potential fungicidal effect on R. solani and B. cinerea.

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“…The contamination of agricultural soils with pesticides could lead to changes in their chemical and biological properties, affecting their quality and causing a negative impact on crop yields [15]. They may impair soil microbial biodiversity and enzymatic activity (a vital indicator of soil tolerance to pollutants), and the associated degradation of soil organic matter (OM) [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic Residues on Pesticide Behavior in Soils: A Review of Laboratory Research

et al. 2021

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The management of large volumes of organic residues generated in different livestock, urban, agricultural and industrial activities is a topic of environmental and social interest. The high organic matter content of these residues means that their application as soil organic amendments in agriculture is considered one of the more sustainable options, as it could solve the problem of the accumulation of uncontrolled wastes while improving soil quality and avoiding its irreversible degradation. However, the behavior of pesticides applied to increase crop yields could be modified in the presence of these amendments in the soil. This review article addresses how the adsorption–desorption, dissipation and leaching of pesticides in soils is affected by different organic residues usually applied as organic amendments. Based on the results reported from laboratory studies, the influence on these processes has been evaluated of multiple factors related to organic residues (e.g., origin, nature, composition, rates, and incubation time of the amended soils), pesticides (e.g., with different use, structure, characteristics, and application method), and soils with different physicochemical properties. Future perspectives on this topic are also included for highlighting the need to extend these laboratory studies to field and modelling scale to better assess and predict pesticide fate in amended soil scenarios.

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Pesticides, Anthropogenic Activities, and the Health of Our Environment Safety

Cited by 23 publications

References 70 publications

Antimicrobial Potential of Essential Oils from Aromatic Plant Ocimum sp.; A Comparative Biochemical Profiling and In-Silico Analysis

Antimicrobial Potential of Essential Oils from Aromatic Plant Ocimum sp.; A Comparative Biochemical Profiling and In-Silico Analysis

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects of Essential Oils Extracted from Two New Ocimum basilicum L. Varieties

Effect of Organic Residues on Pesticide Behavior in Soils: A Review of Laboratory Research

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