Petroleum charge history in the Baiyun depression and Panyu lower uplift in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea: Constraints from integration of organic geochemical and fluid inclusion data

Ping, Hongwei; Chen, Honghan; Zhai, Panmao; Zhu, Jiang; George, Simon C.

doi:10.1306/11151817369

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Previous research on carbon, oxygen, and strontium isotopes of carbonate cements of sandstones in the Zhuhai Formation from the Baiyun Sag shows that the diagenetic fluids in the Zhuhai Formation are organic and inorganic mixed origin [45,46]. The formation of ferrocalcite and ankerite in the Zhuhai Formation is not only related to the decarbox-ylation of organic acids but also closely related to the migration and accumulation of CO 2 contained inorganic thermal fluids from the deep [18,45,52]. During and after the Neotectonic movement, the Zhuhai Formation was invaded by thermal fluids that migrated along deep faults and gas chimneys, which caused the thermal conditions and diagenetic processes of the Paleogene strata changed [12].…”

Section: Reservoirs In the Mgr And Hgr Were Affected Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The homogenization temperature and trapping pressure of the secondary fluid inclusions in sandstones reflect the temperature and pressure of porosity fluids captured at the time, respectively. Therefore, a reservoir affected by thermal fluid activities can be traced from the trapping pressure and the homogenization temperature that is higher than that of the strata temperature reached under the normal geothermal gradient from fluid inclusions captured during the diagenetic process [17,18] and from analysis of carbon, oxygen, and strontium isotopic of cements as well [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of High Thermal Setting and Fluid Activities on Sandstone Compaction: A Case Study of the Baiyun Sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (Northern South China Sea)

Luo

Fan³

et al. 2021

Geofluids

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Compaction is regarded as central to the reduction of reservoir physical properties. The thermal compaction process controlled by a basin’s heat flow and the static compaction caused by overload on rocks are both important factors controlling the compaction strength. However, porosity loss resulting from thermal and static compaction has not been distinguished. The Baiyun Sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin in the northern part of the South China Sea with high heat flows and a variable geothermal gradient is an ideal setting for studying the characteristics and mechanisms of the thermal compaction process. The characteristics of compaction and the effect of thermal fluid activities on reservoir physical properties are carried out, based on the observation and identification of sandstone thin sections under a microscope, the measurement and simulation of the temperatures and trapping pressures of fluid inclusions, and the calculation of the compaction porosity loss as well. The result shows that the compaction mode of sandstone reservoirs in the Zhuhai Formation is dominated by static compaction in the LGR (the low geothermal gradient region), whereas the diagenetic process of the Zhuhai Formation in the MGR (the moderate geothermal gradient region) and HGR (the high geothermal gradient region) is affected not only by the static compaction effect but also by the thermal compaction effect caused by abnormal formation temperature and pressure conditions. The porosity loss caused by the thermal compaction ranges from 5.5% to 11.2% with an average of 7.9% and from 4.6% to 16.6% with an average of 10.2% in the MGR and HGR, respectively. The porosity loss caused by the static compaction ranges from 15.9% to 20.8% with an average of 19.4% and from 8.4% to 15.8% with an average of 12.8% in the MGR and HGR, respectively.

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Section: Reservoirs In the Mgr And Hgr Were Affected Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of High Thermal Setting and Fluid Activities on Sandstone Compaction: A Case Study of the Baiyun Sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (Northern South China Sea)

Luo

Fan³

et al. 2021

Geofluids

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“…Therefore, several gas fields are observed in the fault-controlled closures in the NEextended play fairway of hydrocarbon migration (e.g. Ping et al, 2019;Shi et al, 2009). We consider the possibility that the shallow gas occurrences were fed primarily via long-distance, lateral migration using carrier layers in Unit 3 from the Baiyun Sag to the study area (Figure 14a).…”

Section: Possible Origins For the Studied Aasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the period of main gas charged of the deeper reservoirs (ca. 2.7-0.6 Ma; Ping et al, 2019) post-dates the main activity of normal faults.…”

Section: Normal Faults and Their Roles In Vertical Gas Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) 3-D conceptual cartoon showing how the gas laterally migrates through normal faults; (c) intersecting sections extracting from (b) show the relationships between lateral migrating gas and normal faults. Gas migration along strata is allowed at the tips of the en-echelon faults (i), and partly allowed where the strata is not completely offset (ii), and prevented where fault displacement is too large to allow across-fault migration (iii) Ping et al, 2019), which strongly supports previous suggestions that the long-distance hydrocarbon migration from the Baiyun Sag to the study area along the deep-level reservoir units is active today (e.g. Shi et al, 2009).…”

Section: Implications For Dynamic Accumulation and Long-lived Leakage Of Hydrocarbon In The Scsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interplay of stratal and vertical migration pathways in shallow hydrocarbon plumbing systems

et al. 2021

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Hydrocarbon plumbing systems have been extensively documented in the past two decades using high-resolution 3D seismic data, exploiting the ability of seismic imaging techniques to reveal the subsurface geometry of gas charged sediments. In this paper, we present a detailed study of a hydrocarbon plumbing system from the South China Sea, that involves both vertical and lateral (stratal) hydrocarbon migration in Miocene to Recent clastic sediments that comprise multilayer stacking of thinly layered clays, silts and sands. We show that a transtensive fault system that provides lateral seal for fault-dip traps of deep Miocene reservoirs, and offers a vertical pathway for migration to shallower silty units. These silty units in turn form a 'spillway' in a regional, northward migration path. This path involves filling each shallow fault-dip trap to spill point towards the fault tips, with stratal migration forced around the outer flanks of the fault-related folds. Successive fill-to-spill leads to a continuous trail of amplitude anomalies that merge into a continuous, larger, gas-charged anomaly pattern. The migrating gas finally accumulates within a zone bounded by a large boundary fault with full juxtaposition seal. The pattern of anomaly distribution suggests that the hydrocarbon migration has been active in the Late Pleistocene and is probably continuing at the present day. Hence this plumbing system may be one of very few examples described to date in which dynamic hydrocarbon migration pathways have been directly imaged by seismic data. K E Y W O R D Sen-echelon faults, fluid flow, hydrocarbon leakage, shallow gas, South China Sea H I G H L I G H T S• A dynamic fluid migration process has been directly imaged by seismic data.• En-echelon faults serve as lateral seal as well as vertical pathway for fluid migration.• The fluid migration in the shallow strata presents as a fill-to-spill pattern.• Fluid migration/leakage is probably continuing at the present day in the study area. 2158 | EAGE SUN et al. | 2159 EAGE SUN et al. F I G U R E 1 (a) Geological setting and subdivision of the Pearl River Mouth Basin (location in inset, blue square within the South China Sea). The study area (purple square) is located in the eastern part of the Panyu Low Massif. The boundary faults are modified from Pang et al. (2007) and Sun, Xu, et al. (2014). Top left: Geological backgrounds of the South China Sea; (b) gas fields indicated in red colour in the Baiyun Sag and Panyu Low Massif. The Baiyun Sag and Panyu Low Massif are separated by the north-dipping normal faults (black dashed line; Pang et al., 2008). The main flow directions of hydrocarbon (cyan dashed lines;

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Controlling factors on the charging process of oil and gas in the eastern main sub-sag of the Baiyun Sag, Zhujiang River (Pearl River) Mouth Basin

et al. 2023

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Petroleum charge history in the Baiyun depression and Panyu lower uplift in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea: Constraints from integration of organic geochemical and fluid inclusion data

Cited by 17 publications

References 95 publications

Impact of High Thermal Setting and Fluid Activities on Sandstone Compaction: A Case Study of the Baiyun Sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (Northern South China Sea)

Impact of High Thermal Setting and Fluid Activities on Sandstone Compaction: A Case Study of the Baiyun Sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (Northern South China Sea)

The interplay of stratal and vertical migration pathways in shallow hydrocarbon plumbing systems

Controlling factors on the charging process of oil and gas in the eastern main sub-sag of the Baiyun Sag, Zhujiang River (Pearl River) Mouth Basin

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