Pewarisan Karakter Hasil dan Komponen Hasil pada Dua Populasi Persilangan Cabai Rawit Hijau (Capsicum annuum L.)

Abstract

Genetic information plays an important role in plant selection. This research was aimed to obtain genetic information on pattern inheritance of yield and yield component characters of two crosses population of birds chili. The research used biparental mating design consisted of 40 plants of parents population (P1 and P2), 40 plants of first generation (F1) and reciprocal (F1R) populations, 100 plants of backcross populations (BCP1 and BCP2), and 300 plants of second generation population (F2). Scaling test and joint scaling test indicated the presence of gene interaction (epistasis) in two crosses population. Estimates gene effect also showed that fruit weight character in crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C174 was controlled by duplication epistasis, while yield per plant character in crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C291 was controlled by complementary epistasis. All characters of both crosses populations had high broad sense heritability, but the characters in crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C174 had medium to high narrow sense heritability, while the characters in crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C291 had low to medium narrow sense heritability. Genetic difference between parents seemed to affect gene action of a character, in which yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, and fruit length characters in crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C291 with small genetic difference were more controlled by the action of non additive gene than crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C291 with large genetic difference.Keywords: epistasis, gene action, genetic difference, heritability, yield

Gene Action and Heritability Estimates in F2 Populations of Foxtail Millet (Setaria Italica L.)

“…Selection in early generations of traits affected by nonadditive gene action is non-recommendable because the expression of these traits may not be similar in the next generation (Jambormias et al, 2015). A modified bulk selection application for yield and yield-component traits controlled by non-additive gene action transpired on chili (Yudilastari et al, 2018) (Widyawan et al, 2018) and SSR markers for yield-related traits in foxtail millet (Liu et al, 2022).…”

Genetic Parameters and Selection Index of High-Yielding Tomato F2 Populations

“…If the skewness and kurtosis tests are not significantly different from 0, then the distribution is normal (Sayurandi and Woelan, 2016). The normal distribution in gene action is additive, and the additive character showed the independent nature of alleles passed down from generation to generation (Yudilastari et al, 2018). However, if the skewness test shows a significant z-test, then the population has additional action, namely, complementary epistasis (Zs is positive) and duplication epistasis (Zs is negative) (Roy, 2000;Rahayu et al, 2018).…”

“…If the environment influences the selection criteria more, then the resulting genotype is considered too far from the potential cultivar, with an extended straining process (Wati et al, 2020). Hence, the selection criteria must have high heritability and direct gene action (Yudilastari et al, 2018) and relatively few genes (Phillips, 2008). The selection process needs to include several yield components to enhance the accuracy and stability of selection, especially if the yield as the main character is the basis of selection (Pramana et al, 2013).…”

Keragaman Genetik Karakter Agronomi dan Amilosa Populasi Sorgum F3 Hasil Persilangan Pulut 3 x Soraya 3

“…Adapun epistasis duplikat adalah interaksi antar dua gen yang menghasilkan bahan yang sama dalam membentuk satu fenotipe yang sama (Sayurandi dan Woelan, 2016). Tipe aksi gen epistasis komplementer dapat meningkatkan keragaman karena sifat heterosis, sedangkan epistasis duplikat menyebabkan turunnya tingkat heterosis sehingga keragaman yang dihasilkanpun menurun (Yudilastri et al, 2018). Menurut Trikoesoemaningtyas et al (2017), karakter yang dikendalikan oleh gen epistasis akan menghasilkan keturunan yang lebih baik dari tetuanya, namun tidak dapat diwariskan pada generasi selanjutnya.…”