Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP-K90)
is widely used to manage dry eye
syndrome (DES). The marketed eye drop solutions (high dose) need frequent
instillation, affecting the routine lifestyle of patients. PVP-K90-laden
contact lenses can be used to overcome the limitations of eye drop
solutions (low bioavailability and frequent instillation). However,
the conventional methods of PVP-K90 loading show poor loading capacity
and short duration of effect. In the present study, we have developed
PVP-K90-coated contact lenses via a short curing approach to increase
the PVP-K90 loading capacity with a sustained release profile to manage
dry eye syndrome. PVP-K90 was loaded by a soaking method (SM-PVP),
direct loading (during fabrication, DL-PVP), a combination of soaking
and direct loading (DL-SM-PVP), and a novel coating process (SM-PVP-C
and DL-SM-PVP-C). The swelling studies suggested improvement in the
water uptake (hydration) property of the contact lenses due to the
presence of PVP-K90. The optical transparency was within an acceptable
range. The in vitro release of PVP-K90 was in the following order:
PVP-coated contact lens (168 h) > DL-SM-PVP (168 h) > DL-PVP
(96 h)
> SM-PVP (72–96 h). PVP-coated contact lenses showed a high
burst effect (lubricating effect) and sustained release (3161–448
ng/h between 24 and 168 h) due to high PVP loading/coating in comparison
to the uncoated respective contact lenses (964–113 ng/h between
24 and 96 h). In animal studies, the PVP-K90-coated contact lens showed
higher tear volume in comparison to the respective uncoated contact
lenses and an eye drop solution. This study demonstrates a novel approach
of coating a high amount of PVP-K90 on contact lenses for sustained
release to manage several ocular diseases like dry eye syndrome, conjunctivitis,
and other ocular injuries.