Phage therapy of staphylococcal chronic osteomyelitis in experimental animal model

Kishor, Chandan; Mishra, Ritusha; Saraf, Shyam Kumar; Kumar, Manoj; Srivastav, Arvind K; Nath, Gopal

doi:10.4103/0971-5916.178615

Cited by 106 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It can be concluded that the diagnosis of osteomyelitis is more often based on radiographic evidence of bone lysis, production and necrosis. Our results were in an agreement with Chandan et al (2016). There are numerous reports in the literature using animal models of osteomyelitis for investigating pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of bone infections.…”

Section: Bone Radiographical Findingsupporting

confidence: 82%

Activity of Isolated Staphylococcal Bacteriophage in Treatment of Experimentally Induced Chronic Osteomyelitis in Rabbits

Ibrahim¹,

Sarhan²,

Salih³

2016

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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Section: Bone Radiographical Findingsupporting

confidence: 82%

Activity of Isolated Staphylococcal Bacteriophage in Treatment of Experimentally Induced Chronic Osteomyelitis in Rabbits

Ibrahim¹,

Sarhan²,

Salih³

2016

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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“…Radiographs of the femur were obtained on post-wounding days 7, 14 and 28 in order to evaluate alterations of osteomyelitis, such as periosteal reaction, sclerosis and osteolysis ( 10 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decorin reduces hypertrophic scarring through inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in a rat osteomyelitis model

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Xu³

et al. 2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Chronic osteomyelitis is a bone infection that results in hypertrophic scarring of the soft tissue surrounding the infected bone. This scarring can create functional problems and its treatment is challenging. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of decorin in treating scar formation in osteomyelitis and the underlying mechanism of its action. A rat osteomyelitis model was used, and animals were divided into three groups, as follows: Group A (control), group B (osteomyelitis model) and group C (decorin-treated). X-ray scans, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to observe changes in femur and muscle tissue. In order to assess the role of the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad signaling pathway in scar formation in osteomyelitis, alterations in muscle tissue morphology and in the activation of key members of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway were investigated in groups A and B. According to the results of H&E staining, evident fibrosis in muscle tissue were observed at days 14 and 28 in group B. Simultaneously, the expression levels of key members of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway were increased. Subsequent to treatment with decorin in group C, scarring was reduced, and significant downregulation of collagen I, TGF-β1, phosphorylated (p)Smad2 and pSmad3 protein expression levels was observed at days 14 and 28 compared with the osteomyelitis group. In conclusion, these results suggest that activation of TGF-β1 may serve an important role in the formation of scars in osteomyelitis and that decorin can reduce scar formation in an osteomyelitis rat model through inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

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“…To overcome this problem, phage cocktails containing multiple strains of phages have been developed, and may be necessary for clinical efficacy. 40,43 There is also concern over the use of viruses within human hosts, without knowledge of their potential side effects. However, little if any side effects have been identified in numerous clinical reports of bacteriophage use, with no reports of anaphylaxis.…”

Section: Bacteriophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutics and delivery vehicles for local treatment of osteomyelitis

Cobb

McCabe

Priddy

2020

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Osteomyelitis, or the infection of the bone, presents a major complication in orthopedics and may lead to prolonged hospital visits, implant failure, and in more extreme cases, amputation of affected limbs. Typical treatment for this disease involves surgical debridement followed by long‐term, systemic antibiotic administration, which contributes to the development of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria and has limited ability to eradicate challenging biofilm‐forming pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus—the most common cause of osteomyelitis. Local delivery of high doses of antibiotics via traditional bone cement can reduce systemic side effects of an antibiotic. Nonetheless, growing concerns over burst release (then subtherapeutic dose) of antibiotics, along with microbial colonization of the nondegradable cement biomaterial, further exacerbate antibiotic resistance and highlight the need to engineer alternative antimicrobial therapeutics and local delivery vehicles with increased efficacy against, in particular, biofilm‐forming, antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. Furthermore, limited guidance exists regarding both standardized formulation protocols and validated assays to predict efficacy of a therapeutic against multiple strains of bacteria. Ideally, antimicrobial strategies would be highly specific while exhibiting a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity. With a focus on S. aureus infection, this review addresses the efficacy of novel therapeutics and local delivery vehicles, as alternatives to the traditional antibiotic regimens. The aim of this review is to discuss these components with regards to long bone osteomyelitis and to encourage positive directions for future research efforts.

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Phage therapy of staphylococcal chronic osteomyelitis in experimental animal model

Cited by 106 publications

References 25 publications

Activity of Isolated Staphylococcal Bacteriophage in Treatment of Experimentally Induced Chronic Osteomyelitis in Rabbits

Activity of Isolated Staphylococcal Bacteriophage in Treatment of Experimentally Induced Chronic Osteomyelitis in Rabbits

Decorin reduces hypertrophic scarring through inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in a rat osteomyelitis model

Therapeutics and delivery vehicles for local treatment of osteomyelitis

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