Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis of Terpene Constituents in Salvia miltiorrhiza

HPLC-SPE-NMR Characterization of Major Metabolites in Salvia fruticosa Mill. Extract with Antifungal Potential: Relevance of Carnosic Acid, Carnosol, and Hispidulin

“…A comparison with literature NMR data allowed the identification of compound 4 as carnosol. The lack of signals in the region of 4−6 ppm and the similarity observed in almost all signals indicated the presence of carnosic acid (5). Compound 6 was easily attributed to 12-methoxycarnosic acid, due to the additional signal at 3.64 ppm integrating to three protons that suggested the presence of a methoxy group.…”

“…It comprises approximately 900 species that grow throughout the world, some of which are economically important considering their extensive use as spices, flavoring agents, and herbal drugs. , Ethnopharmacological studies reported that Salvia species have been used for more than 60 different ailments ranging from aches to epilepsy and mainly to treat colds, bronchitis, tuberculosis, hemorrhage, and menstrual disorders Salvia officinalis L. (sage), Salvia miltiorrhiza (red sage), Salvia divinorum, and Salvia fruticosa (Greek sage) are the most well-known and studied Salvia species. − …”

Proteomic screening of antioxidant effects exhibited by Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza aqueous extract in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells under homocysteine treatment

“…In recent years, the water-soluble components of the Salvia miltiorrhiza root including single-and polyphenolic acids, as confirmed in recent HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS studies (Hu et al, 2005;Zeng et al, 2006;Zhu et al, 2007;De Palma et al, 2008), have attracted increasing attention due to their antioxidant effects on the free oxygen radicals (Wu et al, 1998). For centuries, Salvia miltiorrhiza roots aqueous extract (SMAE) have been used extensively for the treatment of hyperviscosity syndrome, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis and ischemic cardiovascular diseases in China and other Asian countries (Ling et al, 2005).…”

“…brovascular diseases for decades (Wu et al, 1998;Ling et al, 2005;Cheng, 2007;You et al, 2007;De Palma et al, 2008;Han et al, 2008). The other major constituents of Salvia miltiorrhiza roots as the lipophilic diterpenoid quinines (tashinones) (De Palma et al, 2008), now available in the form of standardized TTE-50 extract (Sun et al, 2007), have recently been demonstrated to exert their effects in preventing aging and Alzheimer's disease via an antioxidant pathway (Yu et al, 2007) and decreasing matrix metalloproteinases activity on diet induced atherosclerosis (Fang et al, 2008). In the present study, we evaluated the protective effects of single-and polyphenol containing aqueous SMAE against Hcy-induced oxidative damage exerted on the cultured rat aortic smooth muscle A10 cells, which were used as the in vitro SMCs model.…”

Natural Products for the Prevention and Treatment of Hangover and Alcohol Use Disorder

“…The extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza could reduce voluntary alcohol intake and maintenance of alcohol drinking behavior in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats. Two types of major bioactive components in Salvia miltiorrhiza are associated with its activities, including water soluble phenolic acids and lipophilic diterpenoid quinines [109].…”