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Sport policy is a purposeful activity of various subjects connected with organizing and holding sports competitions. Such activity may be state-organized, administrative, financial, commercial, engineering and construction-related, military, security, professional, corporate, training, entertainment, relatively mass-scale, agent, referee, qualifying, and others. It should be taken into account that, besides officially recognized sports, there are also illegal competitions. Criminological aspects, connected with the possibility of crime, can be found everywhere. All of these leads to the necessity of establishing and developing sport criminology as a component of sport policy. Criminological aspects of sport policy are especially evident in the market conditions. Their analysis is necessary for the optimization of preventive work in the most important areas. The authors single out three such areas: criminal law prevention of crime in sports, enforcement of prevention policy for criminal and criminogenic sports, and counteracting sport extremism. The effectiveness of work in the first area is close to zero because special «sport» criminal law norms are not and will not be enforced. The analysis of the second area leads the authors to the conclusion that it is necessary to intensify the counteraction to criminal sports, primarily, dog fighting and street racing. As for the criminogenic sports, they can be conditionally broken into two categories: those promoting violence and cruelty, and those equipping athletes with the skills interesting for the criminal community (organized criminal groups). The first category includes MMA-type female fights. This disgusting spectacle, broadcast on TV, is absolutely contrary both to the female nature and to the traditional values of peoples of Russia. Such fights should be prohibited in the Russian Federation. The third area requires monitoring to prevent fans’ movements from turning into extremist organizations. The promotion of patriotic feelings among fans should be recognized as a strategic direction in the prevention of sport extremism.
Sport policy is a purposeful activity of various subjects connected with organizing and holding sports competitions. Such activity may be state-organized, administrative, financial, commercial, engineering and construction-related, military, security, professional, corporate, training, entertainment, relatively mass-scale, agent, referee, qualifying, and others. It should be taken into account that, besides officially recognized sports, there are also illegal competitions. Criminological aspects, connected with the possibility of crime, can be found everywhere. All of these leads to the necessity of establishing and developing sport criminology as a component of sport policy. Criminological aspects of sport policy are especially evident in the market conditions. Their analysis is necessary for the optimization of preventive work in the most important areas. The authors single out three such areas: criminal law prevention of crime in sports, enforcement of prevention policy for criminal and criminogenic sports, and counteracting sport extremism. The effectiveness of work in the first area is close to zero because special «sport» criminal law norms are not and will not be enforced. The analysis of the second area leads the authors to the conclusion that it is necessary to intensify the counteraction to criminal sports, primarily, dog fighting and street racing. As for the criminogenic sports, they can be conditionally broken into two categories: those promoting violence and cruelty, and those equipping athletes with the skills interesting for the criminal community (organized criminal groups). The first category includes MMA-type female fights. This disgusting spectacle, broadcast on TV, is absolutely contrary both to the female nature and to the traditional values of peoples of Russia. Such fights should be prohibited in the Russian Federation. The third area requires monitoring to prevent fans’ movements from turning into extremist organizations. The promotion of patriotic feelings among fans should be recognized as a strategic direction in the prevention of sport extremism.
Информация о статьеДата поступления 24 июня 2019 г. Дата принятия в печать 7 октября 2019 г. Дата онлайн-размещения 31 октября 2019 г. Ключевые словаПраво на охрану жизни и здоровья; медицинская деятельность; фармацевтическая деятельность; медицинская помощь; медицинские услуги; лекарственные средства; медицинские изделия; медицинская техника; подотрасль уголовного права; медицинское уголовное право Финансирование Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ по соглашению № 19-011-00818\19 Аннотация. Вопросы уголовной ответственности представителей медицинской профессии за физический вред, причиненный пациенту при оказании врачебной помощи, исследовались многими учеными дореволюционного, советского и постсоветского периодов. В текущем столетии эти вопросы переросли в крупную научную проблему, породив огромное количество научных статей, монографий и диссертаций. Назрела и получила определенную научную реализацию идея обособления в рамках российского уголовного права такой его подотрасли, как фармацевтическое уголовное право. Но сегодня эта идея представляется слишком узкой. Обособление фармацевтики от медицины происходило исторически очень долго, было обусловлено прагматическими причинами и носило в значительной мере искусственный характер. Поэтому, ориентируясь на положения ст. 41 Конституции РФ, позволительно ставить вопрос о выделении в рамках отечественного уголовного законодательства автономной группы норм, образующих в своей совокупности подотрасль медицинского (в широком смысле) уголовного права. Объект преступлений, охватываемых этой подотраслью, можно определить как конституционное право граждан на охрану жизни и здоровья и получение квалифицированной медицинской помощи и медицинских услуг. Их объективная сторона характеризуется грубым нарушением установленных законом и иными нормативными правовыми актами предписаний и запретов, которые должны неукоснительно соблюдаться представителями медицинской профессии при выполнении их служебного долга. Основу российского медицинского уголовного права составляют ч. 4 ст. 122, ст. 124 и 238.1, а вспомогательными его элементами являются части вторые ст. 109 и 118, а также ст. 235, 235.1, 238, 230.1 и 230.2 УК РФ. В рамках действующего УК РФ обособление норм, образующих медицинское уголовное право, носит теоретический характер. Но в новой редакции Уголовного кодекса, подготовка которой необходима и неизбежна, эти нормы должны образовать самостоятельную структурную единицу, как это сделано, например, в уголовных кодексах Казахстана, Киргизии и Китайской Народной Республики. KeywordsRight to the protection of life and health; health activities; pharmaceutical activities; medical help;Abstract. The issues of criminal liability of health workers for physically harming a patient during medical treatment were studied by many researchers of the prerevolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet periods. In the current century these issues turned into a large-scale research problem giving rise to an enormous number of research publications, monographs and dissertations. The idea of ma...
The article examines a number of key problems in the fight against illicit medicines trafficking in Russia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the development of a set of organizational and legal measures to increase the effectiveness of such a fight. The author concludes that the scale and severity of the various consequences caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are, to a certain extent, due to imperfect state control over the shadow pharmaceutical sector. In particular, many standard measures of government response to drug trafficking are not effective enough to ensure reliable protection of the population from the negative impact of illegal circulation of counterfeit, substandard, unregistered, counterfeit drugs.The measures proposed by the author are aimed at improving the efficiency of the system for preventing drug trafficking not only in relation to the modern conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, but also designed to ensure state control over the production and circulation of drugs in any emergency conditions.
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