The aim of the paper is to identify the employees' groups based on the differences in their motivation preferences in the environment of transport and logistics enterprises in selected regions. Loyal, satisfied and efficient employees are a key success factor for service enterprises in general. This is due to the fact that service sphere is characterized by the low level of anonymity of the service provider, therefore the level of professional approach of employees in direct interaction becomes the most important in terms of customer satisfaction. The paper represents partial result of research aimed at the identification of motivational preferences of employees in the specific conditions of logistics enterprises. The research was carried out in the Czech Republic and Russian Federation (Sverdlovsk region) in 2017 and the research sample consisted of 571 and 860 respondents employed in transport and logistics enterprises. There is a proposed use of Cluster analysis method in the paper. The research results obtained can help better understand the motivational preferences of the transport and logistics staff and thus create the possibility of more efficient formulation of incentive programs.
In the current conditions of mass substitution of reality by simulacra created on the basis of criminal motivation in the interests of criminals, criminological intelligence acts as an adequate response to the challenges of the contemporary situation in its different dimensions — global, regional, national. Criminological intelligence, as a relatively independent type of investigation activities, is defined by the authors as legal collection, analysis, evaluation and interpretation of information on the criminalization of public relations, on the threats and risks of criminal and criminogenic nature, on the actual condition of criminality, criminals, their status and opportunities to resist law and order with the purpose of ensuring national, public, group and personal security. The legality of criminological intelligence means that it is not based on confidential sources and is thus different from such a type of operational search activities as analytical intelligence. Besides, the legality excludes the use of illegal means and techniques of obtaining information. The tasks of criminological intelligence include obtaining reliable information on the actual criminological situation, criminological and socio-legal prognostication, determining the level (regime) of threats to criminological security, criminological zoning (by territories and objects). The actual criminal picture that requires an urgent response cannot be compiled without characterizing the cumulative number of unsolved crimes (it is seven times more than the number of crimes registered annually). An important task of criminological intelligence is determining the key directions of crime counteraction. They include counteraction to economic and electoral crimes, where a rather short-sighted criminal policy is currently used, although these types of crime threaten national security. The object of criminological intelligence is the criminalization of public relations, while its subject is now solely represented by financial intelligence (Rosfinmonitoring), which is obviously not sufficient. Criminological intelligence should be handled by professionals gathered in a national research center. The training of such professionals should be mainly based on criminology, including criminological intelligence, and this discipline should gain a higher educational-methodological status.
The subject. Criminal law forecasting is a scientifically based analysis of the prospects for the development of criminal law in order to optimize criminal legislation and the practice of its application. Its subject includes: foreseeing the needs of society in the criminal law regulation of public relations, their criminalization and decriminalization; the dynamics of the development of criminal law relations in society, the development of a criminal law concept of combating socially dangerous phenomena for the foreseeable period; foreseeing the consequences of changes in criminal legislation; the presence of real prerequisites for its application; prognostic assessments of the effectiveness of criminal law norms in the process of law-making and law-realization activities; scenarios and models for the implementation of criminal law institutions and norms; technologies for combating criminality in the application of criminal law norms; prospectsfor the development of the science of criminal law itself, taking into account its scientific potential.The purpose of the article is to establish the ideology and main trends in the development of criminal legislation and the practice of its application in post-Soviet Russia, to determine the methodology for the modernization of criminal policy in the new geopolitical conditions.The methodology of research includes axiological and system approaches, determinative analysis, search and normative forecasting, extrapolation, expert assessments, modeling.The main results, scope of application. There are two diametrically opposed ideologies that are of fundamental importance for criminal law and criminal law forecasting: 1) liberal and 2) conservative. The criminal law policy of the Russian Federation has so far developed in line with liberal ideology. Its main goal is to modernize criminal legislation in terms of decriminalizing economic crimes and humanizing the treatment of white-collar criminals. Conservative criminal law policy is based on the methodology of normative forecasting, which is aimed at achieving the desired (for the state and society) results. This methodology is based on a systematic approach. From the standpoint of this approach, the object of criminal law forecasting is an organized system with an extremely complex structure consisting of three subsystems: managing, managed and criminal law norms. The content of each of these subsystems requires corrective action in order to achieve compliance with the traditional axiological scale and common sense. It is also necessary to solve the problem of coordinating criminal law and criminological legislation.Conclusions. Criminal law forecasting allows us to formulate a number of theses that should be the basis for the concept of optimizing the criminal policy of the Russian Federation: (a) rejection of the liberal model of criminal law regulation of public relations, the transition to a conservative model, which should be dominated by state and public, not private interests; (b) recognition of organized economic and official crime as priority objects of criminallegal influence; (c) coordination of criminal-legal and criminological legislation; (d) adoption of the Federal Law "On Combating Organized Crime".
Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions can be used in legislative, scientific and educational activities for the development and coverage of the issues of anti-corruption policy optimization, and implementation of the national anti-corruption strategy.
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