Pharmacodynamic interaction of Spirulina platensis and deltamethrin in freshwater fish Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus: impact on lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress

Abstract

Spirulina platensis (SP) is one of the most commonly used dietary supplements in human and many animal species, including fish. Recently, it has gained more attention in fish not only for its growth-promoting and immunomodulatory effects but also for its antioxidant potential. The present study was conducted to investigate the protective role of two different dietary levels of SP on freshwater Nile tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus exposed to subacute deltamethrin (DLM) intoxication. Spirulina was supplemented at levels of 0.5 and 1 % in the diet along with DLM at a concentration of 1.46 μg/l for 28 days. Serum biochemical parameters, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, albumin, cholesterol, urea, uric acid and creatinine, were estimated. In addition, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was analysed as a lipid peroxidation marker. Reduced glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were analysed as antioxidant biomarkers in liver, kidney and gills. The results revealed that DLM intoxication increased serum AST, ALT, ALP, cholesterol, urea, uric acid, creatinine and tissue MDA, while decreased serum total protein and albumin as well as tissue GSH level and GSH-Px, SOD and CAT activities. SP supplementation at the two tested levels enhanced all altered serum biochemical parameters as well as tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant biomarkers. Therefore, it could be concluded that SP administration could minimize DLM-induced toxic effects by its free radical scavenging and potent antioxidant activity.

Effects of silymarin on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune response in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)

“…However, oversubstitution of fish meal with plant protein sources led to reduced growth performance, lower disease resistance, and the increased use of chemical drugs during aquaculture (Dossou et al, 2018;Sitjà-Bobadilla et al, 2005;Urán et al, 2008;Ye et al, 2019;Zhou, Chen, Ji, & Yu, 2017). Supplying an immunopotentiator, which could enhance the nonspecific defense mechanisms or the specific immune response of animals (Anderson, 1992), to plant protein-based diets has attracted research attention (Abdelkhalek, Ghazy, & Abdel-Daim, 2015;Awad & Awaad, 2017;Sahin et al, 2014;Zheng et al, 2017). To date, various extract preparations from plants and other animals have been used as immunopotentiators in aquaculture (Dawood, Koshio, & Esteban, 2018).…”

Protective role of polyphenols fromBauhinia hookeriagainst carbon tetrachloride-induced hepato- and nephrotoxicity in mice

“…[7][8][9] Under normal homeostasis, the cells maintain the ROS levels with endogenous nonenzymatic and enzymatic-antioxidants. [10][11][12] The risk of cell injury may also be prevented by natural antioxidants including dietary polyphenols. Dietary polyphenolic compounds have received a great deal of attention because of their beneficial effects on health, including protection against oxidative stress and degenerative diseases.…”

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“…Research Mutlu, Aydin, and Kutlu (2015) reported that the total protein and albumin Nile tilapia, O. niloticus decreases because exposed to copper sulfate, fish that are exposed to subacute intoxication deltamethrin also showed a decrease in total protein and albumin (Abdelkhalek, Ghazy, & Abdel-Daim, 2015).…”