Pharmacokinetic interactions of marbofloxacin with anti‐inflammatory drugs in buffalo calves

Abstract

ANTIMICROBIAL agents are usually combined with NSAIDs to treat various systemic infections accompanied by fever and other inflammatory conditions. They can also be administered with steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (SAIDs) to relieve suffering caused by inflammation. A pharmacological interaction between the two types of drug has been described in previous studies (Post and others 2002, 2003, Sidhu and others 2010, Ogino and others 2005). The combined use of anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial drugs is common clinical practice in young buffaloes due to enteric and respiratory infections, which are a significant problem and usually result in economic losses in nursing calves (Bukhari and others 2010). This short communication aimed to establish, in this species, the serum concentration-time profile and pharmacokinetic parameters of marbofloxacin (MBF), after intramuscular administration alone and in combination with intramuscular administration of ketoprofen (KPF), flunixin meglumine (FM) or dexamethasone (DXM), and to integrate pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) data. Twenty-four, seven-to 15-day-old clinically healthy buffalo calves (mean [sd] weight 60.43 [6.75] kg) were included in the study and randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups. A parallel design was used, taking into account the age of the selected animals. All groups received a 2 mg/kg dose of MBF intramuscularly in the semitendinous muscle. The first group received only MBF, while the other three groups also received a dose of one of three drugs: 3 mg/kg KPF (MBF+KTF), 2.5 mg/kg FM (MBF+FM) or 0.1 mg/kg DXM (MBF+DXM) intramuscularly in the opposite semitendinous muscle. The study was approved by the Animal Experimentation Ethics

Intravenous pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin following simultaneous administration with flunixin meglumine or diclofenac in sheep

“…In the present study, the doses were intravenously administered to eliminate the effect of bioavailability on the pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin. Similarly, no adverse effects have been reported following the simultaneous administration of NSAIDs and fluoroquinolone antibiotics in buffalo calves (Baroni et al, ) and dogs (Ogino et al, ).…”

Comparison of pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin after subcutaneous administration of various multiple-dose regimens to water buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis)

“…Time immediately before administration of the first dose of marbofloxacin was designated as time 0. in this species. [10][11][12] An accumulation process was not observed with regimen 1, as determined on the basis of Cmax (AI, 0.85 ± 0.17 µg/mL) and AUC (AI, 0.96 ± 0.17 µg•h/mL). An accumulation process was not observed with regimens 2 and 3, and there were no significant differences for the AI of Cmax (P = 0.237) and AUC (P = 0.472).…”

“…For calves administered marbofloxacin in accordance with regimen 2, blood samples were collected 0, 10, 20, 30, and 45 minutes and 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 28, 32, 36, and 48 hours after the first and second injections as well as 0, 10, 20, 30, and 45 minutes and 1, 1. 5,2,3,4,6,8,10,12,24,28,32,36,48,52,56,60, and 72 hours after the third injection. For calves administered marbofloxacin in accordance with regimen 3, blood samples were collected 0, 10, 20, 30, and 45 minutes and 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours after the first and second injections as well as 0, 10, 20, 30, and 45 minutes and 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 28, 32, 36, 48, 52, 56, 60, and 72 hours after the third injection.…”

Pharmacokinetic Behavior and Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Integration of Danofloxacin Following Single or Co-Administration with Meloxicam in Healthy Lambs and Lambs with Respiratory Infections

“…These changes may lead to the development of resistance to antibiotics, the emergence of undesirable effects, and a suboptimal level of drug exposure, leading to failure in the treatment of infection [28,29]. Although there are many studies investigating the effects of NSAIDs on the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in healthy animals [30][31][32][33][34][35][36], studies conducted in the case of disease are limited [37][38][39]. We hypothesized that the effect of meloxicam on the pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin will change with the systemic inflammatory response caused by respiratory infection in lambs, and that the results obtained will contribute to the rational use of danofloxacin.…”