Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meloxicam in piglets

Fosse, T. K.; Haga, Henning Andreas; Hormazábal, Víctor; Haugejorden, Gunhild; Horsberg, Tor Einar; Ranheim, Birgit

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2885.2008.00958.x

Cited by 41 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…10 min before castration. The absorption for meloxicam was reported to occur within 1 h following this route and dose of administration in pigs (Fosse et al, 2008;Keita et al, 2010). After surgery, all male piglets were separated from the sow by a board in their farrowing pen during a 3 h post-operative sleeping and recovery period to protect them from being crushed, whereas female piglets (that were equally represented in the litter as males) remained all the time with the sow.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of general injection anaesthesia and analgesia on post-castration behaviour and teat order of piglets

Schmidt

König

Borell

2012

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Injection anaesthesia with a combination of ketamine and azaperone (K/A) is discussed as a painless alternative to commonly used non-anaesthetized castration. To protect anaesthetized piglets from being crushed, they have to be separated from the sow for 3 h following castration. The aim of this study was to test if this separation and the different treatments would affect short-term behaviour after castration (3 to 6 h after castration) as well as weight gain. Piglets were 5 to 7 days old. Treatment Group 1 received a combination of anaesthesia and analgesia (n 5 29, ketamine: 25 mg/kg BW; azaperone: 2 mg/kg BW; meloxicam: 0.4 mg/kg BW), Group 2 received only analgesia (n 5 24) and Group 3 received no medication (n 5 29). Behaviour and suckling order were compared for a 3 h period the day before castration and after castration. A significantly higher number of teats used by anaesthetized piglets (P 5 0.004) suggests a decrease in suckling order stability. There were significant treatment effects between all three groups in the time spent at the sow's teat, with an increase in Group 2 (169%), decrease in Group 1 (228%), whereas the control Group 3 (12%) almost remained unchanged. The anaesthetized piglets showed an increase in the time spent active away from the sow after castration of almost 200% (Groups 2 and 3: ,50%, P , 0.001). However, no significant treatment effect was seen for weight gain. The results suggest that analgesia has an effect on behaviour, perhaps due to less post-castration pain. This advantage is not apparent for animals receiving additional anaesthesia, probably because of impaired coordination. Although the behavioural changes did not affect weight gain significantly, a decrease in suckling order stability indicates a certain degree of stress due to fighting over teat positions as a consequence of separation. Thus, postcastration behaviour must be taken into account when evaluating alternative castration methods.Keywords: anaesthesia, analgesia, teat order, piglet castration, animal welfare ImplicationsInjection anaesthesia (ketamine/azaperone) and analgesia (meloxicam) during the castration of pigs is considered as a welfare friendly alternative to conventional castration without any anaesthesia and post-castration pain treatment. Our study suggests that this combination of injection anaesthesia and analgesia in particular impairs the short-term suckling behaviour and teat order of piglets. In contrast, analgesia treatment alone resulted in a higher suckling order stability with no changes to a lower (posterior) teat position and increased time spent at the teat after being reunited with the sow. The results suggest that analgesia treatment alone has an effect on post-castration behaviour, perhaps due to less post-castration pain.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of general injection anaesthesia and analgesia on post-castration behaviour and teat order of piglets

Schmidt

König

Borell

2012

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Meloxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with a half-life of 2.7 h in piglets (Fosse et al, 2008), which inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by selective blocking of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2, conferring to this drug analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties (Engelhardt et al, 1995). It is well known that the use of NSAID such as meloxicam provide prolonged analgesia and relieves stress and pain associated with surgical castration (Keita et al, 2010;Hansson et al, 2011;Kluivers-Poodt et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute physiological responses to castration-related pain in piglets: the effect of two local anesthetics with or without meloxicam

Bonastre

Mitjana

Tejedor

et al. 2016

animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Methods to reduce castration-related pain in piglets are still issues of concern and interest for authorities and producers. Our objectives were to estimate the effectiveness of two protocols of local anesthesia (lidocaine and the combination of lidocaine + bupivacaine) as well as the use of meloxicam as a postoperative analgesic in alleviating castration-related pain, measured by acute physiological responses. Eight groups (15 piglets/group) were included in the study: (1) castration without anesthesia or analgesia, without meloxicam (TRAD WITHOUT), (2) castration without anesthesia or analgesia, but with meloxicam (TRAD WITH), (3) handling without meloxicam (SHAM WITHOUT), (4) handling with meloxicam (SHAM WITH), (5) castration after local anesthesia with lidocaine but without meloxicam (LIDO WITHOUT), (6) castration after local anesthesia with lidocaine and meloxicam (LIDO WITH), (7) castration after local anesthesia with lidocaine + bupivacaine without meloxicam (LIDO + BUPI WITHOUT), (8) castration after local anesthesia with lidocaine + bupivacaine and meloxicam (LIDO + BUPI WITH). Acute physiological responses measured included skin surface temperature and serum glucose and cortisol concentrations. On days 4 and 11 post-castration BW was recorded and average daily gain was calculated over this period. Furthermore, piglet mortality was recorded over the 11-day post-castration period. Administration of local anesthetic or meloxicam did not prevent the decrease in skin surface temperature associated with castration. Lidocaine reduced the increase in glucose concentration associated with castration. For castrated pigs, the joint use of lidocaine and meloxicam caused a significant decrease in cortisol concentration; the combination of intratesticular lidocaine and bupivacaine did not seem to be more effective than lidocaine alone. No effect of treatments on mortality and growth were detected.

show abstract

“…Fosse et al (2008) report a single dose of 0.4 mg/kg administered intravenously (i.v.) for the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of meloxicam in piglets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seven-day administration of carprofen or meloxicam on renal function in clinically healthy miniature pigs

Raušer¹,

Stehlík²,

Proks³

et al. 2010

Vet. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carprofen or meloxicam are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which may elicit a variety of renal disturbances. Prior to this study, the effects of carprofen or meloxicam on renal function in pigs were unknown. A total of 21 clinically healthy Goettingen miniature pigs (36.9 ± 7.22 kg) were divided into three groups based on what they were administered -carprofen, meloxicam or saline. First, blood was collected from the jugular vein and urine by ultrasound-guided cystocentesis. Serum urea (U) and creatinine (CR), fractional clearance of sodium (FCNa), urine gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, urine protein/creatinine ratio (UP/UC), urine gamma-glutamyltransferase/creatinine ratio (GGT/CR) and urine alkaline phosphatase/creatinine ratio (ALP/CR) and urine analysis -urine specific gravity (USG) and sediment microscopy were assessed before and seven days after daily intramuscular administration (IM) of saline (1.5 ml per animal), carprofen (2 mg/kg) or meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg). All animals had identical housing, feeding and unlimited water intake and had not undergone surgery or been administered any medication for three months prior to this. All pigs served as control groups for an experimental study of fracture healing using transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells and scaffolds. The data were analyzed using a one way ANOVA and a Mann-Whitney test (P < 0.05). In pigs receiving carprofen, serum urea and creatinine were significantly decreased, compared to the control (P < 0.01) or meloxicam (P < 0.05) groups. In animals receiving meloxicam FCNa was significantly increased (P < 0.05) and urine specific gravity significantly decrease (P < 0.05) compared to the pretreatment values. Two carprofentreated pigs had a slight increase in renal tubular epithelial cells upon urine sediment examination. Intramuscular administration of carprofen or meloxicam in healthy miniature pigs for seven days causes no clinically important changes in selected renal parameters (without azotemia). However these changes indicate mild damage of renal tubules. Despite these findings, meloxicam or carprofen are recommended for analgesia in healthy pigs.

show abstract

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meloxicam in piglets

Cited by 41 publications

References 29 publications

Impact of general injection anaesthesia and analgesia on post-castration behaviour and teat order of piglets

Impact of general injection anaesthesia and analgesia on post-castration behaviour and teat order of piglets

Acute physiological responses to castration-related pain in piglets: the effect of two local anesthetics with or without meloxicam

Effect of seven-day administration of carprofen or meloxicam on renal function in clinically healthy miniature pigs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About