2015
DOI: 10.1891/0730-0832.34.4.239
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Pharmacologic Management of Neonatal Seizures

Abstract: Seizures are most often the only sign of a central nervous dysfunction in the neonate. Neonatal seizures are a symptom of a specific disease entity. The search for a cause of neonatal seizures should focus on perinatal history or acute metabolic changes in the neonate. There are four classifications of neonatal seizures: clonic, tonic, myoclonic, and subtle. Simultaneous electroencephalogram and video recording are tools to assist the practitioner in the evaluation of difficult-to-assess subtle behaviors. Alth… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…We first evaluated the effects of PhB on hypoxia-induced neonatal seizures in P7 mice, an age-appropriate model for neonatal seizures in humans 21 23 . P7 pups subjected to normoxia or hypoxia-induced seizures were injected with a single dose of vehicle or PhB (25 mg.kg −1 , which falls within the normal dose used in the clinic (20–40 mg.kg −1 ) 15 immediately upon re-oxygenation and electrographic activity was evaluated (Fig. 1A ).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…We first evaluated the effects of PhB on hypoxia-induced neonatal seizures in P7 mice, an age-appropriate model for neonatal seizures in humans 21 23 . P7 pups subjected to normoxia or hypoxia-induced seizures were injected with a single dose of vehicle or PhB (25 mg.kg −1 , which falls within the normal dose used in the clinic (20–40 mg.kg −1 ) 15 immediately upon re-oxygenation and electrographic activity was evaluated (Fig. 1A ).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Studies in animal models also suggest that exposure to PhB during the neonatal period produces long-lasting structural and functional changes in the brain 14 . Indeed, acute exposure to PhB (20–40 mg.kg −1 , as given in the clinical setting 12 , 15 ), to post-natal day 7 (P7) rats resulted in apoptosis of neurons in the cortex and limbic system 12 , 16 , 17 . There is also evidence that PhB exposure in the neonatal period produces long-lasting behavioural changes in rodents.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both shortand long-term effects of a single phenytoin dose on P450 expression and function were investigated, utilizing the novel sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) method to quantify protein concentrations. Phenytoin was selected as an inducer because, like phenobarbital, it is an AED commonly used to treat neonatal seizures and a potent inducer of drug-metabolizing P450s (Wang et al, 2004;Jackson et al, 2006;Zeller and Giebe, 2015). Based on previous studies, we hypothesized the neonatal liver is particularly sensitive to P450 induction by drug treatment and early life phenytoin exposure causes permanent alterations to P450 metabolism in adulthood.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…У дітей ІІ групи, які народились у терміні гестації 29-32 тижні, протягом періоду спосте реження та лікування відмічено подібну зміну характеру судом: поступове зменшення електро За даними літератури, протисудомний пре парат першої лінії фенобарбітал має недоліки при використанні у дітей, які народилися передчасно [36]. В Україні зареєстрована лише пероральна форма даного препарату, що часом унеможливлює його дотацію у передчасно народжених дітей з важкою перинатальною патологією, які мають значно знижену толе рантність до ентерального харчування.…”
Section: матеріал і методи дослідженняunclassified