Pharmacological principles of antidepressant efficacy

Schatzberg, Alan F.

doi:10.1002/hup.399

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Paroxetine was started at 10 mg taken once daily for a week and then increased to 20 mg taken once daily for the remainder of the month (consistent with dosing when paroxetine is used clinically). One month of treatment was selected since this is typically the length of time required for paroxetine to begin exerting its effects when used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders (30). A washout period was not used since paroxetine’s half-life is approximately 24 hours and steady state concentrations are achieved within 1 to 2 weeks (31).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Paroxetine on Physiological Response to Stress and Smoking

Kotlyar

Al’Absi

Thuras

et al. 2013

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Objective Smokers often smoke during stressful events, which leads to large increases in cardiovascular measures such as blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). Since exaggerated cardiovascular response to stress is associated with cardiovascular disease risk, this study examined paroxetine’s effect on the physiological response to combining stress and smoking. Methods Sixty-two participants completed this randomized, double blind, cross-over study in which BP, HR, plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine (NE) and cortisol concentrations were measured at rest, while smoking and during a speech and math task. Laboratory sessions occurred after one month of paroxetine and after one month of placebo. Results Significant increases occurred for all measures (except cortisol) during smoking with further increases occurring during the speech task (time effect p values <0.001). After one month of paroxetine, NE and HR values were lower and cortisol values higher (vs. placebo) throughout the lab session (treatment effect p values < 0.001). Treatment × time effects were observed for blood pressure and heart rate (all p<0.01). For systolic and diastolic BP, a smaller increase (from baseline to measures during speech) was observed after paroxetine compared to placebo (both p <0.006). In both measures, the increase in response to smoking was similar for both treatments, however the further increase during the speech was smaller when taking paroxetine (vs. placebo). Conclusions This study suggests that paroxetine affects physiological response to stress in smokers. Further research is needed to determine the impact of these results on cardiovascular health.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Paroxetine on Physiological Response to Stress and Smoking

Kotlyar

Al’Absi

Thuras

et al. 2013

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…Specifically, we expect that: (a) depressive self-concept and BUC will emerge in adolescence as mediators of the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and substance use; and (b) because depressive self-concept and BUC tend to co-occur (Brodsky et al, 2001;Schatzberg, 2002), these constructs will be interrelated as predictors of substance use.…”

Section: Aims and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pathways to Adolescent Substance Use Among Sexually Abused Girls

Bailey

McCloskey

2005

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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This study examined the link between childhood sexual abuse and adolescent substance use among girls, and evaluated depressive self-concept and behavioral under-control (BUC) as pathways to substance use for sexually abused girls. Participants (n = 150) were drawn from a longitudinal study of the impact of domestic violence on the lives of women and children. Structural equation modeling revealed that girls' childhood sexual abuse was associated prospectively with their later substance use. This relationship persisted when age, co-occurring forms of child abuse (physical, exposure to domestic violence), childhood depression and aggression, family income, maternal substance use, and parenting practices were controlled. Behavioral under-control mediated the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and later substance use, but depressive self-concept did not. Implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.

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“…Venlafaxine is a potent inhibitor of neuronal serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake [26,27]. It is similar to TCAs in terms of efficacy, without the same uncomfortable side effects.…”

Section: Serotonin-norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (Snris) and Newmentioning

confidence: 99%