Pharmacological Properties and Function of the PxOctβ3 Octopamine Receptor in Plutella xylostella (L.)

Abstract

The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) is one of the most destructive lepidopteran pests of cruciferous vegetables, and insights into regulation of its physiological processes contribute towards the development of new pesticides against it. Thus, we investigated the regulatory functions of its β-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor (PxOctβ3). The open reading frame (ORF) of PxOctβ3 was phylogenetically analyzed, and the levels of expression of the receptor mRNA were determined. This ORF was also cloned and expressed in HEK-293 cells. A series of octopamine receptor agonists and antagonists were tested against PxOctβ3. We showed that the receptor is a member of the Octβ3 protein family, and an analysis using quantitative PCR showed that it was expressed at all developmental stages of P. xylostella. Octopamine activated PxOctβ3, resulting in increased levels of intracellular cAMP. Furthermore, the agonists naphazoline, clonidine, 2-phenethylamine, and amitraz activated the PxOctβ3 receptor, and naphazoline was the most effective. Only metoclopramide and mianserin had significant antagonistic effects on PxOctβ3, whereas yohimbine, phentolamine, and chlorpromazine lacked obvious antagonistic effects. The injection of double-stranded RNA in an RNA interference assay indicated that PxOctβ3 regulates development in P. xylostella. This study demonstrated the pharmacological properties and functions of PxOctβ3 in P. xylostella, thus, providing a theoretical basis for the design of pesticides that target octopamine receptors.

Molecular and Pharmacological Characterization of β-Adrenergic-like Octopamine Receptors in the Endoparasitoid Cotesia chilonis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

“…In addition, CcOctβRs were also efficiently activated by naphazoline, DMPF, amitraz, lisuride, medetomidine, clonidine, and tolazoline. Similar observations have been shown in DmOctβRs [ 40 ], PxOctβRs [ 46 , 61 , 62 ], NlOctβ2R [ 49 ], and NcOctβ2R [ 70 ].…”

“…To meet this opportunity, determining the molecular and pharmacological data of OAR subtypes is an important step. OARs have been characterized in D. melanogaster [ 33 , 40 , 54 ], Bombyx mori [ 55 , 56 ], Periplaneta americana [ 57 , 58 ], A. mellifera [ 41 , 59 , 60 ], N. lugens [ 42 , 49 ], and P. xylostella [ 43 , 46 , 61 , 62 ]. Here, we cloned three OARs from C. chilonis , investigated their expression profiles, and pharmacologically characterized them.…”

“…The β-adrenergic-like OAR family generally has three subtypes, including Octβ1R, Octβ2R, and Octβ3R. Octβ1R regulates feeding and learning behavior [ 23 , 44 ], and Octβ3R plays an essential role in metamorphosis regulation of ecdysone synthesis and pupation [ 45 , 46 ], whereas Octβ2R has multiple functions, including ovulation [ 47 , 48 , 49 ], locomotion [ 50 , 51 , 52 ], and stress resistance [ 53 ].…”

Target identification and acaricidal activity difference of amitraz and its metabolite DPMF in Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval)

“…Sequence alignment was performed using the online gene sequence analysis software EspRIPT 3.0 28 . The TMHMM‐2.0 tool was used to predict the protein transmembrane domain 29 . On the basis of multiple alignment sequences using ClustalW software, MEGA7.0 software was used to construct the phylogenetic tree by neighbor‐joining analysis 30 …”

Metal Oxide Aerogels: A New Horizon for Stabilizing Anodes in Rechargeable Zinc Metal Batteries

“…[ 40–43 ] The concentration of oxygen vacancies can be further increased through high‐temperature reduction. [ 44–46 ] By combining the merits of structural design and surface functionalization, we surmised that oxygen vacancy‐rich metal oxide aerogels could be an effective interface protective layer in zinc metal batteries. Besides, to our knowledge, there was no work on aerogels as interface protective layer for Zn anodes.…”