Pharmacological Studies on Hemlock Water Dropwort

Grundy, H. F.; Howarth, F.

doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1956.tb01058.x

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The pharmacological effects of oenanthotoxin in animals have been studied by Clarke et al (1949) and Grundy & Howarth (1956). Within a few minutes of intraperitoneal injection of oenanthotoxin, local or general tremors develop followed by convulsive episodes and eventually death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Oenanthotoxin and Related Compounds in Hemlock Water Dropwort Poisoning

King

Lewis²,

Parry

et al. 1985

Human Toxicology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Oenanthotoxin and Related Compounds in Hemlock Water Dropwort Poisoning

King

Lewis²,

Parry

et al. 1985

Human Toxicology

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“…As in water hemlock poisoning, barbiturates prevented seizures. 8 The lesions seen in the heart and muscles of those animals showing convulsions were secondary to the CNS-stimulated muscular contractions demonstrated here with water hemlock.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…8 In mice, cicutoxin was 6 times more toxic than picrotoxin and a more potent respiratory stimulant for pentobarbitone overdose antagonism. 8 With both toxins, the clinical signs and subsequent death and gross or microscopic lesions were prevented with barbiturate anesthesia. The exact mechanism of action of cicutoxin is unknown but is probably similar to that of picrotoxin from the East Indies shrub Anamirta coculus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Hemlock (Cicuta Douglasii) Toxicoses in Sheep: Pathologic Description and Prevention of Lesions and Death

Panter

Baker

Kechele³

1996

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract. Water hemlock causes numerous livestock losses in North America every year. Description of pathologic and serum biochemical changes has been lacking in the literature. Tubers of western water hemlock (Cicuta douglasii) induced excessive salivation, tremors, grand mal seizures, skeletal and cardiac myodegeneration, and death in sheep given 1.2-2.7 g fresh tuber/kg body weight by gavage. Seizures were intermittent with periods of relaxation until death occurred from anoxia during seizure activity. In sheep given 1.5-2.5 times the lethal dose of water hemlock by gavage, intravenous administration of sodium pentobarbital at the onset of the first seizure prevented further seizure activity and skeletal and cardiac myodegeneration and resulted in rapid and complete recovery.

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“…38 4.3.9. (2E) 5-bromo-2-penten-4-yn-1-ol (12) To a suspension of NBS (1.04 g, 5.84 mmol), AgNO 3 (83 mg, 0.49 mmol) in acetone (10 mL) at 0°C, a solution of (2E) 2-penten-4-yn-1-ol (0.40 g, 4.87 mmol) in acetone (8 mL) was added, and stirring at 0°C was continued for another 2 h. Extraction with EtOAc followed by usual aqueous work-up and column chromatography (silica gel, DCM/ether, 95:5) gave 11 (433 mg, 55.2%) as a colorless solid; mp 28-29°C (lit. : 34-36°C) 46 (24)) ppm; 13 To a solution of rac-1 (29 mg, 0.11 mmol) in diisopropylether (8 mL) and vinyl acetate (1 mL) novozyme Ò 435 (93 mg) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 40°C for 15 h. The mixture diluted with diisopropylether (10 mL), and the enzyme was filtered off.…”

Section: (3e5e) 7-bromo-35-heptadien-1-yne (8)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,9 Several cases of hemlock water dropwort poisoning of adults have been reported. [10][11][12][13][14][15] The pro-convulsant effects of 1 are due to a down-regulation of GABAergic currents. 16,17 Compound 1 has been suggested for the treatment of excessive sleepiness 18 and for treating airway conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%