Pharmacologically active substances from Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Part 2

Abstract

A new scheme of the isolation of all fractions of polyphenolic compounds from wormwood-leaved ambrosia (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) collected in the budding period is proposed. The main components in the total extract are phenolcarboxylic acids (ferulic, isoferulic, caffeic, chlorogenic acids and caffeic acid glycoside) coumarins (scopoletin, scopolin, esculetin, esculin, umbelliferone, skimmin), and flavonoids (jaceidin, quercetin, isorhamnetin, isorhamnetin-3-rutinoside, quercimeritrin, isoquercitrin, and glycosides of xanthomicrol and 4¢,5-dihydroxy-3,6,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone). Polymethoxylated flavonoids have been identified in ambrosia and characterized for the first time, including jaceidin (5,7,4¢-trihydroxi-3,6,3¢trimethoxyflavone), xanthomicrol (4¢,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone), 4¢,5-dihydroxy-3,6,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone, and their glycosides. The results of biological investigations of the obtained polyphenolic fractions showed their pronounced hepatoprotective properties (exceeding those of the well-known drug karsil) and hypolipemic activity (comparable with that of lipanor).

Larvicidal Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Extracts ofAmbrosia arborescens(Asteraceae) to ControlAedes aegyptiL. (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…presence of a wide range of defensive chemical agents against herbivores, such as sesquiterpenic lactones, monotherpenes, terpenoids, and polyacetylenic resins [37]. Within this family, the genus Ambrosia presents a remarkable physiological plasticity that allows it to adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions [38], a characteristic that might be explained, at least partially, by the secondary metabolites produced by the species of this taxon [39]. All members of the Ambrosia genus present a high content of sesquiterpenic lactones which possesses antibacterial, cytotoxic, and antifungal properties [40,41].…”

New Sesquiterpenoids from Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.

“…However, many investigations into the composition and properties of A. artemisiifolia indicate that this species can serve a valuable source of biologically active substances. The extracts of this plant showed various bioactivities, such as molluscicidal [3], plant growth inhibitory [4], anti-inflammatory [5], antithrombin [6], antibacterial [7], insecticidal [8], hepatoprotective and hypolipemic activities [9]. On the other hand, the main chemical components of this species were identified as sesquiterpene lactones, which account for the antihelminthic, cardiotonic, antiinflammatory, analgesic, sedative (calming), antimalarial, anti-tumor, and other types of pharmacological activity [10,11].…”

Phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies of alkaloid- and sesquiterpene lactone-containing medicinal plants

“…Parkhomenko et al observed hypolipaemic properties of polyphenolic fractions isolated from common ragweed in rats after inducing hyperlipidaemia by the joint per oral administration of vitamin D2 and cholesterol [182]. Their results are in agreement with the documented triglyceride level reduction in our study.…”

“…The phytochemical investigations, beside the examination of the entire plant, are focusing mainly on the pollens. Flavonoids, phenolcarboxylic acids, and polyphenolic compounds have been reported from pollens and plant, as well [182,183]. The surface of the pollens is rich in proteins, peptides with immunoglobulin-E binding capacity (Amb a 1 and Amb a 2 allergens) with ability to trigger rhinitis, oculorhinitis and other symptoms of hay fever [184].…”

“…According to an earlier investigation, ragweed treatment may also have hepatoprotective effects, since in that case the normalization of ALT and AlkP activity and blood bilirubin level were observed. In that experiment polyphenol-rich fraction, isolated from Ambrosia was applied in a model of acute toxic hepatic damage caused by carbon tetrachloride in rats [182].…”