Pharmacotherapy of obesity: an update on the available medications and drugs under investigation

Chakhtoura, Marlene; Haber, Rachelle; Ghezzawi, Malak; Rhayem, Caline; Tcheroyan, Raya; Mantzoros, Christos S.

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101882

Cited by 197 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…The older FDA-approved antiobesity medications orlistat, naltrexone-bupropion, phentermine-topiramate, and liraglutide have been shown to confer a placebo-corrected weight reduction of ≈5% to 10%. 65…”

Section: Overweight and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association

Martin,

Aday,

Almarzooq

et al. 2024

Circulation

458

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BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and obesity) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose control, and metabolic syndrome) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The AHA Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, brain health, complications of pregnancy, kidney disease, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, sudden cardiac arrest, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, valvular disease, venous thromboembolism, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS: The AHA, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States and globally to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing. The 2024 AHA Statistical Update is the product of a full year’s worth of effort in 2023 by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and AHA staff members. The AHA strives to further understand and help heal health problems inflicted by structural racism, a public health crisis that can significantly damage physical and mental health and perpetuate disparities in access to health care, education, income, housing, and several other factors vital to healthy lives. This year’s edition includes additional global data, as well as data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with an enhanced focus on health equity across several key domains. RESULTS: Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS: The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.

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Section: Overweight and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association

Martin,

Aday,

Almarzooq

et al. 2024

Circulation

458

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“…The past decade has witnessed major progress in the development of new and effective, but expensive, antiobesity medications (AOMs) [2,3]. Newer AOMs have greater efficacy than those previously approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [4]. For example, in a randomized trial setting, semaglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist [GLP-1 RA]) allowed patients to lose an average of 15% of their body weight at 68 weeks [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early‐ and later‐stage persistence with antiobesity medications: A retrospective cohort study

Gasoyan,

Pfoh,

Schulte

et al. 2023

Obesity

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ObjectiveThe study's objective was to examine the percentage of patients with an initial antiobesity medication (AOM) fill who were persistent with AOM at 3, 6, and 12 months and to characterize factors associated with persistence at 12 months.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used electronic health records from January 2015 to July 2023 in a large health system in Ohio and Florida and included adults with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 who had an initial AOM prescription filled between 2015 and 2022.ResultsThe authors identified 1911 patients with a median baseline BMI of 38 (IQR, 34–44). Over time, 44% were persistent with AOM at 3 months, 33% at 6 months, and 19% at 12 months. Across categories of AOM, the highest 1‐year persistence was in patients receiving semaglutide (40%). Semaglutide (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.26, 95% CI: 3.04–6.05) was associated with higher odds of 1‐year persistence, and naltrexone‐bupropion (AOR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46–1.00) was associated with lower odds, compared with phentermine‐topiramate. Among patients who were persistent at 6 months, a 1% increase in weight loss at 6 months was associated with 6% increased odds of persistence at year 1 (AOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.09).ConclusionsLater‐stage persistence with AOM varies considerably based on the drug and the weight loss at 6 months.

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“…The regimens recognized by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for prolonged use for nonsyndromic obesity are orlistat, phentermine‐topiramate, naltrexone‐bupropion, liraglutide, and semaglutide. Two FDA‐accepted medications; setmelanotide, and metreleptin, target individuals diagnosed with monogenic syndromic obesity 7,10 . Most of them have adverse effects of a gastrointestinal nature such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation and do not achieve more than 15% weight decrease except with glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor (GLP‐1R) agonists like semaglutide 10,11 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two FDA‐accepted medications; setmelanotide, and metreleptin, target individuals diagnosed with monogenic syndromic obesity 7,10 . Most of them have adverse effects of a gastrointestinal nature such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation and do not achieve more than 15% weight decrease except with glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor (GLP‐1R) agonists like semaglutide 10,11 . While these medications are generally considered safe, some medications carry specific warnings, such as contraindications in individuals with heart and kidney disease, uncontrolled hypertension, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, or medullary thyroid carcinoma 10 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unleashing the power of retatrutide: A possible triumph over obesity and overweight: A correspondence

Naeem,

Imran,

Banatwala

2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsOverweight and obesity have become global health challenges with increasing prevalence. Several drugs have received Food and Drug Administration approval for nonsyndromic obesity treatment, but most have limitations, including gastrointestinal side effects and limited weight loss efficacy.BodyRetatrutide, a novel incretin mimetic agent, has shown promise in clinical trials for significant weight reduction. It has demonstrated dosage‐dependent pharmacokinetics with favorable safety profiles. The primary focus of this paper is to explore retatrutide and critically assess its clinical trials to justify its use and feasibility while highlighting its shortcomings. This paper also delves into the subject of obesity and its health manifestations.ConclusionIt is expected that the use of retatrutide, a triple agonist, will result in significant weight loss among individuals who are obese or overweight.

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Pharmacotherapy of obesity: an update on the available medications and drugs under investigation

Cited by 197 publications

References 169 publications

2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association

2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association

Early‐ and later‐stage persistence with antiobesity medications: A retrospective cohort study

Unleashing the power of retatrutide: A possible triumph over obesity and overweight: A correspondence

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