Pharyngeal perforation in three cows caused by administration of a calcium bolus

Braun, Ueli; Salis, F.V.; Gerspach, Christian; Feige, Karsten; Sydler, Titus

doi:10.1136/vr.154.8.240

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Superficial lesions will not lead to clinical signs of trauma (Anderson and St Jean 2008). In our experience of referral cases, prognosis is especially grave when the perforating bolus consists of tissue‐damaging, fast‐dissolving compounds such as calcium salts, a finding that has previously been observed by other authors (Braun and others 2004). Chronic cases have a less favourable prognosis (Davidson and others 1981, Adams and Radostits 1988).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Balling gun‐induced trauma in cattle: clinical presentation, diagnosis and prevention

Mann¹,

Nuss

Feist³

et al. 2013

Veterinary Record

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Pharyngeal trauma in cattle can occur during the administration of oral medication using a balling gun. The number of cases of severe complications due to bolus application that have been referred to our hospital has increased from nil between 1996 and 2008 to three or four per year. In our experience, reports by bovine veterinarians of patients with severe and often fatal pharyngeal trauma, which were not referred to the clinic, have become more common in recent years as well. The incidence of this complication is likely to be higher than this number of referrals suggests. Diagnosis without the help of imaging techniques, such as radiography and endoscopy, may be difficult, especially in cases where exploration of the pharynx cannot be carried out, or is unable to confirm the absence or presence of a lesion. Prognosis is often poor in cases where perforation has been confirmed. Boluses are increasingly administered by the owners or farm personnel without the supervision of a veterinarian. In order to prevent losses due to balling gun-induced injuries, the veterinarian plays a crucial role in giving advice to his clients. Five cases of cattle suffering from varying degrees of balling gun-induced trauma are presented, and consideration is given to incorrect application techniques. suffering from balling gun induced traumata are illustrated. All animals had been 24 administered boluses by laymen. Some of the animals had reportedly shown defensive 25 movements during the procedure. All affected cattle showed reduced appetite promptly after 26 the procedure. At presentation, dyspnea and swelling of the throat were evident in three 27 patients. Increased salivation was observed in two animals. Diagnosis was aided in all cases 28 by endoscopic examination. Three animals had to be euthanized due to the severity of the 29 lesions or the lack of improvement despite surgical and medical treatment. One cow was 30 discharged from the hospital two weeks after successful removal of a broken bolus from the 31 animal´s esophagus. This report illustrates that it is of marked importance that veterinarians 32give adequate advice on the correct use of balling guns prior to their use by the producer, 33 and that they are able to recognize complications and the respective clinical symptoms of 34 oropharyngeal or esophageal traumata. Additionally, they should be able to inform the owner 35 about the treatment options and prognosis when suspecting a perforating lesion after bolus 36 administration. 37 38 Background

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Balling gun‐induced trauma in cattle: clinical presentation, diagnosis and prevention

Mann¹,

Nuss

Feist³

et al. 2013

Veterinary Record

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“…A clinical diagnosis of upper respiratory tract disease caused by a large mass in the nasopharynx was made using radiography and endoscopy. A pharyngeal injury caused by oral calcium administration two months previously could not be ruled out (Braun et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour in the nasopharynx of a cow

Sydler¹,

Lesser²,

Waldern³

et al. 2013

Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde

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This case describes the fi ndings in a Swiss Braunvieh cow with a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) in the nasopharynx. The major clinical signs were mixed dyspnoea with inspiratory and expiratory noises. Radiographic views of the head revealed an irregular mass with soft-tissue density in the nasopharynx originating from the dorsal pharynx and occupying and restricting the pharyngeal cavity. Endoscopic examination showed a lobulated mass obstructing almost the entire lumen of the aboral nasal passages and nasopharynx. Postmortem examination revealed a lobulated mass in the choanae with a broad attachment to the dorsal pharynx and histologically a soft tissue sarcoma with tumour cells positive for the S-100 and p75NTR (neurotrophin receptor) proteins and negative for CNPase.

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“…A perforating oesophageal wound was the most likely diagnosis, but is not always straightforward to confirm. Perforating pharyngeal wounds due to the application of ruminal boluses (balling gun) have been described in older calves and adults and were diagnosed either by examination of the oral cavity, endoscopy, native radiology or at postmortem examination (Macrae and others 2003, Braun and others 2004, Mann and others 2013). There are no reports on perforating oesophageal wounds after bolus administration (Mann and others 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical oesophageal perforation by a colostrum tube with metal end‐piece in neonatal calves

Pardon

Valgaeren

Chiers

et al. 2015

Vet Record Case Reports

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In a three-month period, a Belgian Blue beef herd was confronted with three unexplained mortalities in neonatal calves, characterised by the development of a marked cervical swelling. A fourth case was referred for closer examination. On clinical examination, the animal showed a diffuse cervical swelling with oedema and crepitation, depression, anorexia and muffled lung sounds. A barium contrast-enhanced radiograph showed diffusion of contrast liquid from the oesophagus into the surrounding tissues, consistent with oesophageal perforation. Postmortem examination showed a fibrino-necrotising (peri)oesophagitis, tracheitis and myositis, pyothorax, pneumomediastinum and pericardial emphysema. A perforating tear was present in the ventral oesophagus, 15 cm caudal from the larynx. The cause was an inappropriate tubing technique of the farmer and possibly the use of an oesophageal feeder with metal end-piece.

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Pharyngeal perforation in three cows caused by administration of a calcium bolus

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Balling gun‐induced trauma in cattle: clinical presentation, diagnosis and prevention

Balling gun‐induced trauma in cattle: clinical presentation, diagnosis and prevention

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour in the nasopharynx of a cow

Cervical oesophageal perforation by a colostrum tube with metal end‐piece in neonatal calves

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