Phase behavior of poly(ether imide) in mixtures of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone and methylene chloride

Nanocomposite membranes of polyetherimide nanostructured with palladium particles: Processing route, morphology and functional properties

“…As expected, the amount of PdO is much more important for Table 1 XPS chemical displacement and atomic fractions as a function of the film composition and treatment conditions. Pd and PdO data were taken from literature [43,44] To summarize, crystalline palladium nanoparticles have been formed within PEI matrix by annealing the precursor films near to the PEI glass transition temperature. The crystalline metallic nanoparticles that are obtained are very small (3-4 nm diameter) and in most cases homogeneously dispersed within the membrane.…”

“…These objectives consist in (i) preparing polymer/Pd nanocomposite films with different morphologies for a wide range of palladium amount, from a same polymer/metal precursor system, using thermal annealing as in situ generation route. For this purpose, a high glass transition temperature polymer (polyetherimide) widely used for membrane applications [39][40][41][42][43] was chosen and palladium acetate was taken as the metal precursor (ii) understanding the nanostructuration process and the subsequent morphology developed in the nanocomposites films (iii) establishing the gas transport mechanisms for a series of gases including interactive and non-interactive gases. To attain this goal, particular attention has been paid on the accessibility of the nanoparticles by the gas, on the gas/particle interaction and on the respective nanoparticle and matrix properties.…”

Phase behavior of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in water–methanol cononsolvent mixtures and its relevance to membrane formation

“…In the field of ternary polymer systems the so-called cononsolvency (or cosolvency) is an unusual phenomenon that has not been subjected to extensive investigation [4][5][6][7][8]. It is well known that polymer can be dissolved in an appropriate solvent depending on chemical nature of solvent and details of experimental conditions.…”

“…However, it is difficult to imagine a mechanism by which a polymer can change the mixture of two solvents to be a cononsolvent (or two nonsolvents to be a cosolvent). In our previous publications, the role of ternary interaction parameter, c T in the cononsolvent and cosolvent systems has been investigated [6][7][8]. It can be shown that in the Flory-Huggins theory with inserted c T polymer is insoluble in certain mixtures of two solvents.…”

UCST-Type Cononsolvency Behavior of Poly(2-methacryloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) in the Mixture of Water and Ethanol

“…Cononsolvency describes the situation that a solute is soluble in two pure solvents, but insoluble in the mixture of the two with specific mixing ratios. Not so many, but a few polymers have been reported to have cononsolvency, for example, polystyrene in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and cyclohexane, 7 poly(methyl methacrylate) in chlorobutane and amyl acetate, 8 poly(ether imide) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolodinone and methylene chloride, 9 poly(vinyl alcohol) in water and dimethyl sulfoxide, 10 poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAM, Figure 1) in water and 1,4-dioxane, or acetone, 11 and poly(Nisopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM, Figure 1) in water and methanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), or 1,4-dioxane. 12,13 The cononsolvency behavior of PNIPAM is used for the controlled release of alcohol soluble drugs from a thermosensitive gel consisting of interpenetrating polymer networks of PNIPAM and a triblock copolymer.…”