SummaryThe possible role of T lymphocytes in in vivo regulation of haemopoiesis by recombinant human granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (rhG‐CSF) was evaluated, Athymic nude (nu/nu) mice and their normal (+/+) littermates were injected subcutaneously twice daily with 100 μg/kg per day of rhG‐CSF for 5 days. Such parameters as number of neutrophils in blood, spleen weight and cellularity, bone marrow cellularity, and number of stem and progenitor cells (colony forming units in spleen [CFU‐S], mix colony forming cells [Mix‐CFC], granulocyte‐macrophage colony forming cells [GM‐CFC]) in bone marrow and spleen were evaluated. Some effects of the rhG‐CSF treatment were similar in nu/nu and +/+ mice. Others, however, were to some extent different in the two groups of animals. It is concluded that T lymphocytes may be partially responsible for some of the effects of rhG‐CSF in vivo activity.