“…Since the emergence of ADS-B concept, some researchers have considered the utilization of existing and installed infrastructure of the surveillance radar to combine with the satellite-based ADS-B system within the perspective of ATC. More interestingly, the use of the ADS-B signal itself to detect noncooperative targets from the ADS-B message and from the radar processing, as an onboard collision avoidance system, was first described in a patent disclosure [11], and the concept subsequently developed further [12][13][14][15]. The novelty of the ADS-B radar system lies in that the system insightfully exploits the ADS-B out signal, which is primarily designed for communication purposes, as a radar signal to perform multiple target estimation and tracking, thereby creating a multifunctional waveform.…”