Phase Noise in FMCW Radar Systems

Siddiq, Kashif; Hobden, M.; Pennock, S.R.; Watson, Robert J.

doi:10.1109/taes.2018.2847999

Cited by 62 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In practice, oscillators in FMCW radars do not have an ideal, impulse-like radio-frequency (RF) spec- trum due to phase and frequency instabilities [12], [13]. In Fig.…”

Section: Single Link Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Fig. 4, we demonstrate the effect of oscillator phase noise on the averaged range response 5 of a victim FMCW radar when the oscillators of both the victim and interfering radars are subject to phase noise processes with parameters L p = −70 dBc/Hz (pedestal height) at W p = 200 kHz (pedestal width) [13]. As observed from the figure, the oscillator phase noise induces spectral smearing of target and interference profiles, thereby causing loss of details in the spectrum, which deteriorates detection performance and leads to masking of weak targets.…”

Section: Single Link Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Radar Interference Mitigation for Automated Driving: Exploring Proactive Strategies

Aydoğdu

Keskin

Carvajal

et al. 2020

IEEE Signal Process. Mag.

101

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Autonomous driving relies on a variety of sensors, especially on radars, which have unique robustness under heavy rain/fog/snow and poor light conditions. With the rapid increase of the amount of radars used on modern vehicles, where most radars operate in the same frequency band, the risk of radar interference becomes a compelling issue. This article analyses automotive radar interference and proposes several new approaches, which combine industrial and academic expertise, toward the path of interference-free autonomous driving. INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION Radar is becoming the standard equipment in all modern cars, supporting, e.g., cruise control and collision avoidance in most weather conditions whilst providing high-resolution detections on the order of centimeters in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band. The next generation of Advanced Driver Assistance (ADAS) and Autonomous Drive (AD) vehicles will have a multitude of radars covering multiple safety and comfort applications like crash-avoidance, self-parking, in-cabin monitoring, cooperative driving, collective situational awareness and more. Since automotive radar transmissions are uncoordinated, there is a non-negligible probability of interference among vehicles, as shown in Fig. 1. While current automotive radars are already impacted by interference to some extent, it is today unlikely to get issues noticeable to the customer as the state-of-the-art automotive radars are continuously updated and improved on multiple system levels. However, the mutual interference problem is expected to become more challenging, unless properly handled, as more vehicles are equipped with a larger number of radars providing 360 • situational awareness at various distances to enable more advanced future ADAS and AD functionalities.

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“…In practice, oscillators in FMCW radars do not have an ideal, impulse-like radio-frequency (RF) spec- trum due to phase and frequency instabilities [12], [13]. In Fig.…”

Section: Single Link Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Single Link Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Radar Interference Mitigation for Automated Driving: Exploring Proactive Strategies

Aydoğdu

Keskin

Carvajal

et al. 2020

IEEE Signal Process. Mag.

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The in-phase ( I 1 and I 2 ) and quadrature ( Q 1 and Q 2 ) baseband signals, which are obtained from the down-conversion quadrature mixers, can be expressed as follows:

where A I represents the amplitude of the I-channel baseband signal; A E and ϕ E represent the errors of the amplitude and phase, respectively; DCI k and DCQ k represent the DC offset voltages in the I and Q channels, respectively; and Δ φ k represents the residual phase noise, which is the difference in the phase noise between the transmitted and received signals. The residual phase noise in the radar system can generally be neglected in the measurement of the distance and vital signs, owing to the range correlation effect [ 19 ]. The phase difference θ k between the transmitted and received signals at each frequency can be represented by using (3) and (4) as follows:

which is identical to the difference of the CW Doppler radar.…”

Section: Vital-signs Detection Using Fsk Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vital-Signs Detector Based on Frequency-Shift Keying Radar

Sim¹,

Park²,

Yang³

2020

Sensors

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A frequency-shift keying (FSK) radar in the 2.45-GHz band is proposed for highly accurate vital-signs detection. The measurement accuracy of the proposed detector for the heartbeat is increased by using the cross-correlation between the phase differences of signals at two frequencies used by the FSK radar, which alternately transmits and receives the signals with different frequencies. Two frequencies—2.45 and 2.5 GHz—are effectively discriminated by using the envelope detection with the frequency control signal of the signal generator in the output waveform of the FSK radar. The phase difference between transmitted and received signals at each frequency is determined after calibrating the I / Q imbalance and direct-current offset using a data-based imbalance compensation algorithm, the Gram–Schmidt procedure, and the Pratt method. The absolute-distance measurement results for a human being show that the vital signs obtained at each frequency using the proposed FSK radar have a cross-correlation. The heartbeat detection results for the proposed FSK radar at a distance of < 2.4 m indicate a reduction in the error rate and an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio compared with those obtained using a single operating frequency.

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“…In practice, oscillators in FMCW radars do not have an ideal, impulse-like radio-frequency (RF) spectrum due to phase and frequency instabilities [14]. In Fig.…”

Section: Single Link Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Radar Interference Mitigation for Automated Driving

Aydogdu,

Carvajal,

Eriksson

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autonomous driving relies on a variety of sensors, especially on radars, which have unique robustness under heavy rain/fog/snow and poor light conditions. With the rapid increase of the amount of radars used on modern vehicles, where most radars operate in the same frequency band, the risk of radar interference becomes a compelling issue. This article analyses automotive radar interference and proposes several new approaches, which combine industrial and academic expertise, toward the path of interference-free autonomous driving. INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATIONRadar is becoming the standard equipment in all modern cars, supporting, e.g., cruise control and collision avoidance in most weather conditions whilst providing high-resolution detections on the order of centimeters in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band. The next generation of Advanced Driver Assistance (ADAS) and Autonomous Drive (AD) vehicles will have a multitude of radars covering multiple safety and comfort applications like crash-avoidance, self-parking, in-cabin monitoring, cooperative driving, collective situational awareness and more.Since automotive radar transmissions are uncoordinated, there is a non-negligible probability of interference among vehicles, as shown in Fig. 1. While current automotive radars are already impacted by interference to some extent, it is today unlikely to get issues noticeable to the customer as the state-ofthe-art automotive radars are continuously updated and improved on multiple system levels. However, the

show abstract

Phase Noise in FMCW Radar Systems

Cited by 62 publications

References 46 publications

Radar Interference Mitigation for Automated Driving: Exploring Proactive Strategies

Radar Interference Mitigation for Automated Driving: Exploring Proactive Strategies

Vital-Signs Detector Based on Frequency-Shift Keying Radar

Radar Interference Mitigation for Automated Driving

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