Phase transformation of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coating with preferred crystalline orientation

Tetracalcium phosphate: Synthesis, properties and biomedical applications

“…Cao These reactions also take place when a mixture of TCP and TTCP is immersed in aqueous solution, maintained at neutral pH [90]. Inagaki et al [91] found that, in highly oriented HA coatings during post-heat treatment, the transformation of TTCP did not reduce the degree of crystal orientation of the coatings. This indicates a direct topotaxial conversion of TTCP crystals to HA crystals, most probably due to the resemblance of the TTCP structure to part of the HA structure, as reported by Dickens et al [14].…”

Atmospheric plasma sprayed silica–hydroxyapatite coatings on magnesium alloy substrates

“…Various post-spray heat treatments have been reported, including heat treatment in air [45,46], laser treatment [47], hot isostatic pressing [48], electric polarization treatment [49], and water vapor treatment [44].…”

Application of carbonated apatite coating on a Ti substrate by aqueous spray method

“…Implants coated with calcium phosphates such as HA induce faster bone adaptation and improve implant integration [3]. A plasma-spray technique, which is a dry process, is currently the most widely used method for the deposition of calcium phosphate coatings on Ti substrates [4][5][6][7]. However, plasma-sprayed calcium phosphate coatings have some shortcomings such as faster degradation and fatigue of the coating; moreover, their long-term clinical safety has been questioned [8][9][10].…”