Phase transitional behavior and electrical properties of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 ternary ceramics

Abstract

Relaxor based ternary (0.60 -x)Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 ) O 3 -0.40Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )-xPbTiO 3 ((0.60 -x)PIN-0.40PMN-xPT) polycrystalline ceramics were synthesized by twostep columbite precursor method. The effects of PIN/PT content on phase structure, microstructure, density, and dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties of the ternary ceramics were systematically investigated. A morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) near x = 0.34 was identified by X-ray diffraction and further confirmed by their respective electrical properties. Piezoelectric, ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties were enhanced for compositions near the MPB. The 0.26PIN-0.40PMN-0.34PT ceramics show optimum electrical properties: piezoelectric coefficient d 33 = 505 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling factor k p = 62.5 %, remnant polarization P r = 32.1 lC/cm 2 , coercive field E c = 8.8 kV/cm, and room temperature pyroelectric coefficient p = 0.050 lC/cm 2°C . In addition, the rhombohedraltetragonal phase transition temperature T rt and Curie temperature T c of the ternary ceramics were identified by the temperature dependence of dielectric and pyroelectric measurements, which are much higher than those of binary PMN-PT ceramics, indicating the expanded temperature usage range of the ternary ceramics. The results show that this ternary system is a promising candidate for electromechanical applications with high performance and wide temperature usage range.

Mn‐ and Mn/Cu‐doped PIN‐PMN‐PT piezoelectric ceramics for high‐power transducers

“…The substitution mechanism was later confirmed by a study conducted using ESR and DFT calculations 46 . The effects of Cu‐doping on crystallographic structural distortions observed in this study are consistent with observations made in the aforementioned studies as well as Cu‐doped BaTiO 3 ceramic by Langhammer et al 47 The solubility limit of copper in the PIN‐PMN‐PT lattice has been experimentally determined to be between ~1 and 2 mol% CuO as evidenced by changes in fracture behavior and accumulation of copper at the grain boundaries 29 . Since the copper concentration used in this study was only 0.5 mol%, it is assumed that all of the copper substitutes into the lattice.…”

“…Cu‐doping of lead‐based piezoelectric ceramics has been shown to achieve similar effects of acceptor doping such as making domain reorientation more difficult and reducing dielectric losses. Copper oxide also forms a low temperature eutectic with lead oxide that lowers the sintering temperature of lead‐based ceramics by a liquid phase sintering mechanism 27‐32 . Therefore, we also investigated the combined effects of two acceptor‐type dopants on the microstructure, crystallography, and key properties of PIN‐PMN‐PT for high‐power transduction devices.…”

Refreshing doping concept in perovskite piezoceramics: Composite modulation hidden behind lattice substitution

“…If the expected substitution the Zn 2+ ions by the Cu 1+ ions occurs, the induced random field effect will be weak, unlike the substitution of the Nb 5+ , Zr 4+ , or Ti 4+ ions by the Cu 1+ ions 4 . This inference is confirmed by the analytical result of the degree of diffuseness ( γ ) 4,24,25 . Figure 4C represents the temperature‐dependent dielectric constant ( ε r ) of the poled specimens modified with different amounts of CuO.…”

Enhanced electromechanical properties and phase transition temperatures in [001] textured Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 ternary ceramics

“…3 Since then, numerous studies have been focusing on the discovery of improved properties in this system. [4][5][6][7][8][9] Several results were reported on optimizing piezoelectric response of [001] oriented PIN-PMN-PT single crystals by domain engineering for rhombohedral compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary. [4][5][6][7] Although PIN-PMN-PT crystals can be grown with various compositions, the high cost, limited sizes and shapes, and compositional segregation of these crystals restrict their commercial applications.…”