Phase wise assessment of COVID-19 related depression, anxiety, and stress level among patients in Herat city, Afghanistan - A descriptive study

Shayan, Nasar Ahmad; Azizi, Ahmad Tariq; Razaqi, Nosaibah; Afzali, Habibah; Neyazi, Ahmad; Waez, Hekmat; Noormohmmadi, Morteza; Bhattacharya, Sudip

doi:10.56101/rimj.v1i1.14

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A survey conducted among general population of Herat province of Afghanistan shows that at the early days of the pandemic in Herat province of Afghanistan, 52.5% of the people were feeling depressed, worried or anxious while 53.9% of them were using mask to protect themselves against . Another study conducted a few months after starting of the COVID-19 in Afghanistan, published in Razi International Medical Journal shows that peoples' observance of quarantine and social distancing protocols waned compared to the early days of the pandemic (30). In this study, only 18.8% of the participants were thinking of the COVID-19 as a major risk to them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in Herat, Afghanistan

Lucero-Prisno III,

Neyazi,

Ahmadi

et al. 2021

RIMJ

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Background: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is one of the major concerns in the roll out of vaccines in many countries. The aim of the study was to assess the level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among the population in Herat, Afghanistan, the third largest city in the country. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 15 April 2021 and 20 April 2021 among the general population of Herat City to examine the acceptability rate of COVID-19 vaccine. Sample size was calculated at 555. Different variables were collected using a questionnaire developed. Data were evaluated in IBM SPSS program. Results: Only 10.63% of the participants were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccine without having any concern and reservation. 45% were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. 66.5% were concerned about the vaccine and its side effects and 29% were afraid of being infected by transmission of COVID-19 through the administration of vaccine on them. Conclusion: This research demonstrates that, concerns about the vaccine, myths and misinformation are widespread which will undermine the vaccination process. This study recommends the initiation of more health-related campaigns and awareness programs by the government for general population to enhance and expedite the roll out of COVID-19 vaccine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in Herat, Afghanistan

Lucero-Prisno III,

Neyazi,

Ahmadi

et al. 2021

RIMJ

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“…Patients with depression and/or anxiety are particularly vulnerable to developing hypertension. A meta-analysis conducted in 2015 reported a prevalence of depression among hypertensive individuals ranging from 21.3-29.8%, signi cantly higher than the estimated 5% prevalence in the general adult population [25,27]. Those with comorbid hypertension and depression face higher risks of cardiovascular disease-related mortality [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension, depression, and health-related quality of life among hospitalized patients in Afghanistan

Neyazi,

Timilsina

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: In recent decades, hypertension has become the foremost risk factor for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The present study investigated the association between hypertension and quality of life, as well as the association between hypertension and depression among hospitalized patients in Afghanistan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered from September 3, 2022, to February 2, 2023, in the Herat and Mazar-e-Sharif provinces of Afghanistan (N=2059). Results: The prevalence of depression symptoms was 65.8%, and hypertension was 20.9%. Multiple regression analysis indicated that moderate physical functioning, poor role-physical, higher bodily pain, poor general health, poor social functioning, lower role-emotional, and poor mental health significantly predicted depression. Multiple regression analysis indicated that moderate quality of life, poor physical functioning, higher bodily pain, lower energy/fatigue, and depression significantly predicted hypertension. Conclusion: The findings of the present study offer valuable insights for healthcare providers, policymakers, and researchers in developing targeted interventions and policies to enhance the well-being of individuals facing the challenges of depression and hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension and depression was high among patients in the Herat and Mazar-e-Sharif provinces of Afghanistan. Patients with hypertension had poor mental and physical quality of life. Hospitals should therefore implement regular screening for depression and offer psychological counseling for vulnerable patients with hypertension.

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“…However, it is usable for epidemiological studies and clinical practice (8). In Afghanistan, where there are large numbers of unemployed people, daily attacks by terrorists throughout the country affect people's mental health (18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and reliability of the Dari version of the CES-D scale among the general population of Herat, Afghanistan: A methodological study

Neyazi

Tosun

Hosaini

et al. 2022

RIMJ

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Background: Depression is considered one of the significant pressing public health problems globally. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale is valuable for assessing subthreshold depression. The purpose of this study was to investigate various aspects of the CES-D scale's validity and reliability in the Afghan population. Method: This methodological study was conducted between 6th June 2021 and 12th July 2021 among the general population in the Herat province of Afghanistan. A total of 424 participants filled out the questionnaires provided to them. The forward-backward translation method translated the CES-D scale into the Dari language. The data was statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS version 24.0 and AMOS version 24.0 software for Windows. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis were used to assess the factor structure (CFA). The reliability was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha, inter-item correlation, and total item correlation. Result: The exploratory factor analysis resulted in three factors (Depressed affect & Somatic complaints factor, the Interpersonal factor, and the Positive affect factor). The CFA result suggested that the resulted model of the Dari version of the CES-D scale with 19 items was the best fit for our data. The Cronbach’s alpha for the 19 items scale was 0.874. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the Dari version of the CES-D scale is valid and reliable to use among the general population of Herat province of Afghanistan. The scale can assess depression and its symptoms among the population mentioned above with confidence.

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Phase wise assessment of COVID-19 related depression, anxiety, and stress level among patients in Herat city, Afghanistan - A descriptive study

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in Herat, Afghanistan

Acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in Herat, Afghanistan

Hypertension, depression, and health-related quality of life among hospitalized patients in Afghanistan

Validity and reliability of the Dari version of the CES-D scale among the general population of Herat, Afghanistan: A methodological study

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