Phasing of millennial-scale climate variability in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans

Walczak, Maureen H.; Mix, Alan C; Cowan, Ellen A.; Fallon, Stewart; Fifield, L.K.; Alder, Jay R.; Du, Jianghui; Haley, Brian A.; Hobern, T.; Padman, June; Praetorius, S. K.; Schmittner, Andreas; Stoner, J. S.; Zellers, Sarah D.

doi:10.1126/science.aba7096

Cited by 60 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…However, retreat of the marine-terminating glaciers, as indicated by the Eshamy transect, appears to be later, and may have been synchronous with collapse of part of the Sargant Icefield. Nonetheless, our study adds to a growing body of evidence that collapse of the CIS soon after 17 ka was early in a sequence of global climate change events, postdating strong Asian monsoons and predating North Atlantic Heinrich events, Antarctic warming, and global CO 2 rise (Walczak et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Late Quaternary deglaciation of Prince William Sound, Alaska

et al. 2021

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To understand the timing of deglaciation of the northernmost marine-terminating glaciers of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS), we obtained 26 10Be surface-exposure ages from glacially scoured bedrock surfaces in Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska. We sampled six elevation transects between sea level and 620 m and spanning a distance of 14 to 70 km along ice flow paths. Most transect age–elevation patterns could not be explained by a simple model of thinning ice; the patterns provide evidence for lingering ice cover and possible inheritance. A reliable set of 20 ages ranges between 17.4 ± 2.0 and 11.6 ± 2.8 ka and indicates ice receded from northwestern PWS around 14.3 ± 1.6 ka, thinned at a rate of ~120–160 m/ka, and retreated from sea-level sites at 12.9 ± 1.1 ka at a rate of 20 m/yr. The retreat rate likely slowed as glaciers retreated into northern PWS. These results are consistent with the growing body of reported deglacial constraints on collapse of ice sheets along the Alaska margin indicating collapse of the CIS soon after 17 ka. These data are consistent with paleotemperature data indicating that a warming North Pacific Ocean caused catastrophic collapse of this part of the CIS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Late Quaternary deglaciation of Prince William Sound, Alaska

et al. 2021

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“…The base of the stratigraphic splice among holes at U1419 is ∼55 ka. Sedimentation rates at Site U1419 average ∼50 cm/ka over the past 12 ka, are as high as 800 cm/ka during the deglacial interval, and average ∼200 cm/ka during the glacial portion of the record (Walczak et al, 2020). These high sedimentation rates led to exceptional preservation of carbonate, including foraminiferal fossils (Gulick et al, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Site U1419 was drilled to ∼177 m below the seafloor with an overall core recovery of 82% (Jaeger et al, 2014). The chronology for Site U1419 is based on a Bayesian age model using 250 14 C values from separately analyzed benthic and planktonic foraminiferal samples that were calibrated using the Marine13 calibration curve (Walczak et al, 2020). The base of the stratigraphic splice among holes at U1419 is ∼55 ka.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing Paleo‐oxygenation for the Last 54,000 Years in the Gulf of Alaska Using Cross‐validated Benthic Foraminiferal and Geochemical Records

sharon

Belanger

et al. 2021

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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“…Both sites are currently bathed in waters undersaturated in calcite (Ω < 1) and have Ω values > 2 in the upper 200 m of the water column (Figure 1c). We integrated samples from U1419 and EW0408-85JC at the intermediate-depth site and from U1418 and EW0408-87JC at the abyssal site using their respective age models, which are based on reservoir-corrected radiocarbon ages from foraminifera and PAYNE AND BELANGER 10.1029/2020PA004206 tephrochronology (Davies-Walczak et al, 2014;Du et al, 2018;Praetorius et al, 2015;Walczak et al, 2020). Sedimentation rates at the intermediate-depth site average ∼50 cm/ka over the past 12 ka and are as high as 800 cm/ka during the deglacial interval (Walczak et al, 2020).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We integrated samples from U1419 and EW0408-85JC at the intermediate-depth site and from U1418 and EW0408-87JC at the abyssal site using their respective age models, which are based on reservoir-corrected radiocarbon ages from foraminifera and PAYNE AND BELANGER 10.1029/2020PA004206 tephrochronology (Davies-Walczak et al, 2014;Du et al, 2018;Praetorius et al, 2015;Walczak et al, 2020). Sedimentation rates at the intermediate-depth site average ∼50 cm/ka over the past 12 ka and are as high as 800 cm/ka during the deglacial interval (Walczak et al, 2020). At the abyssal site, radiocarbon ages also suggest very high sedimentation rates during the deglacial; sedimentation rates averaged ∼475 cm/ka from 15.5 -17.7 ka and samples spaced 80 cm apart were undisguisable in age at ∼17.3 ka given a 220-240 years 2σ age uncertainty on the radiocarbon dates (Praetorius et al, 2015).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Carbonate Dissolution Associated With Deglacial Dysoxic Events in the Subpolar North Pacific

Payne

Belanger

2021

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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Introduction Oxygen Minimum and Carbonate Maximum Zones in the PacificOxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are regions at intermediate ocean depths with low dissolved oxygen content, the extent of which vary over time with ocean circulation, nutrient availability, and climate (Deutsch et al., 2011;Helly & Levin, 2004;Keeling et al., 2010). These zones are forecast to expand and intensify with ongoing global climate change driven by rising anthropogenic CO 2 (Keeling et al., 2010;Long et al., 2016;Stramma et al., 2008). OMZs also correspond with maxima in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), forming corresponding carbon maximum zones (CMZs), due to high-organic carbon respiration and, potentially, enhanced carbonate dissolution driven by that respiration (Paulmier et al., 2011;Wyrtki, 1962). In addition, prolonged hypoxic to anoxic conditions may amplify the effects of benthic respiration on bottom water pH and carbonate saturation (Ω), further enhancing carbonate dissolution in OMZ sediments as they do in coastal environments (Hu et al., 2017;Wang et al., 2020). As a result of these processes, OMZs are presently the primary carbon reservoir of the subsurface ocean and can be sites of CO 2 transfer from the ocean to the atmosphere with significant consequences for oceanic carbon storage and global climates (Naik et al., 2014;Paulmier et al., 2011). Examining the relationship between past intensification of OMZs and changes in marine calcification and carbonate dissolution is important for parameterizing changes in the inorganic carbon cycle that may occur with climate change.The Pacific Ocean contains the world's largest OMZ (Paulmier & Ruiz-Pino, 2009). Oxygen content has decreased and the upper OMZ boundary has shoaled in this region since at least the 1960s in response to warming-induced declines in solubility, enhanced upper ocean stratification, reduced ventilation, and decreased North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) formation (

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Phasing of millennial-scale climate variability in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans

Cited by 60 publications

References 80 publications

Late Quaternary deglaciation of Prince William Sound, Alaska

Late Quaternary deglaciation of Prince William Sound, Alaska

Reconstructing Paleo‐oxygenation for the Last 54,000 Years in the Gulf of Alaska Using Cross‐validated Benthic Foraminiferal and Geochemical Records

Enhanced Carbonate Dissolution Associated With Deglacial Dysoxic Events in the Subpolar North Pacific

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