Phenotype Matters: Identification of Light-Responsive Cells in the Mouse Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Karatsoreos, Ilia N.; Yan, Lili; LeSauter, Joseph; Silver, Rae

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1666-03.2004

Cited by 114 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…These SCN regions are structurally and functionally heterogeneous based on different neuropeptide expression, photic input and sensitivity to light, expression pattern of clock and clock-driven genes and cytological features in general [11,34,15]. Distinct roles for these two regions in the regulation of circadian rhythms have been proposed [30,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus: Determination of time of cell origin and spatial arrangements within the nucleus

Kabrita

Davis

2008

Brain Research

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The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in mammals functions as the principal circadian pacemaker synchronizing diverse physiological and behavioral processes to environmental stimuli. It consists of heterogeneous populations of cells with unique spatial organization that can vary among species, but are commonly discussed within a framework of two principal regions, the ventrolateral or dorsomedial halves of the nucleus or in other instances the core and shell. In both hamsters and rats, cells of different SCN regions have been shown to have different developmental histories. Using bromodeoxyuridine as a marker of cell division, the present study investigated the time of SCN cell origin in mice (C57BL/6) and their settling patterns within the nucleus. Results show that SCN cytogenesis occurs between embryonic days 12 and 15 and is complete 5 days prior to birth. Cells born on embryonic day 12 are mainly confined to a ventrolateral region of the mid-SCN, whereas cells produced later on embryonic days 13.5 and 14.5 form a cap around the cells produced first and extend into the posterior and anterior ends of the nucleus. These results suggest an ordered spatiotemporal program of SCN cytogenesis whereby a mid-SCN core is born first followed by a surrounding shell of later-born cells. Variation in cytogenesis could affect the relative sizes of different SCN regions and, thereby, affect its function. The relative contributions of a highly ordered program of cytogenesis and intercellular interactions after post-mitotic cells leave the germinal epithelium remain to be determined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus: Determination of time of cell origin and spatial arrangements within the nucleus

Kabrita

Davis

2008

Brain Research

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“…Functional analysis of Per gene or c-Fos expression reveals that light-induced activation of SCN cells occurs first within the SCN core and later in the rest of the SCN, indicating a multistep propagation of a signal through the SCN (Fig. 1B and 4) Silver 2002, 2004;Karatsoreos et al 2004). The core is also a site of hormone action.…”

Section: Section Themes Brief Anatomy Of Scn Focusing On Core and Shementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(D) The SCN is composed of functionally distinct cells. In addition to oscillator cells, some cells in the "core" region lack detectable oscillation of clock gene expression and electrical activity (Hamada et al 2001;Jobst and Allen 2002;Karatsoreos et al 2004). Cells of the core and shell region each project to SCN target sites (Abrahamson and Moore 2001;Kriegsfeld et al 2004a).…”

Section: The Tissue Is the Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intercellular signaling through VIP and its receptor VPAC2 is critical in maintaining the synchrony of SCN cellular oscillators and circadian function within the SCN (Aton et al 2005;Maywood et al 2006). In addition, GRP cells are retinorecipient, they communicate with cells in the shell region through GRP receptors, and they function to keep SCN neurons synchronized during entrainment (McArthur et al 2000;Aida et al 2002;Karatsoreos et al 2004;). …”

Section: Function Of Scn Subregionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Spatiotemporal Organization of SCN Circuits

Yan

Karatsoreos

LeSauter

et al. 2007

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology

105

111

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Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neuroanatomy has been a subject of intense interest since the discovery of the SCN's function as a brain clock and subsequent studies revealing substantial heterogeneity of its component neurons. Understanding the network organization of the SCN has become increasingly relevant in the context of studies showing that its functional circuitry, evident in the spatial and temporal expression of clock genes, can be reorganized by inputs from the internal and external environment. Although multiple mechanisms have been proposed for coupling among SCN neurons, relatively little is known of the precise pattern of SCN circuitry. To explore SCN networks, we examine responses of the SCN to various photic conditions, using in vivo and in vitro studies with associated mathematical modeling to study spatiotemporal changes in SCN activity. We find an orderly and reproducible spatiotemporal pattern of oscillatory gene expression in the SCN, which requires the presence of the ventrolateral core region. Without the SCN core region, behavioral rhythmicity is abolished in vivo, whereas low-amplitude rhythmicity can be detected in SCN slices in vitro, but with loss of normal topographic organization. These studies reveal SCN circuit properties required to signal daily time.

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“…The core of SCN comprises cells that are non-rhythmic or weakly rhythmic in relevant clock genes expression 14,15 or their firing rate 16 but receive direct photo inputs 17 . Destruction of these cells leads to arrhythmic behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase organization of circadian oscillators in extended gate and oscillator models

Zhao¹

2010

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Phenotype Matters: Identification of Light-Responsive Cells in the Mouse Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Cited by 114 publications

References 62 publications

Development of the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus: Determination of time of cell origin and spatial arrangements within the nucleus

Development of the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus: Determination of time of cell origin and spatial arrangements within the nucleus

Exploring Spatiotemporal Organization of SCN Circuits

Phase organization of circadian oscillators in extended gate and oscillator models

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