Phenotypic characteristic of junglefowl and chicken

Desta, Takele Taye

doi:10.1017/s0043933918000752

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Overall, however, interactions between brooded pullets were more antagonistic than among non-brooded pullets. Various chicken breeds and hybrids also show different behavioral fingerprints such as high or low fear [11], social and cognitive preferences and abilities, respectively [12,13,14]. There may also be an interaction between genetic background and the behavioral effects of maternal care, as Versace et al [15] report variation in the response to social stimuli of chicks from different breeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Maternal Care During Rearing in White Leghorn and Brown Nick Layer Hens on Cognition, Sociality and Fear

Hewlett

Nordquist

2019

Animals

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Both genetic background and maternal care can have a strong influence on cognitive and emotional development. To investigate these effects and their possible interaction, White Leghorn (LH) and Brown Nick (BN) chicks, two hybrid lines of layer hen commonly used commercially, were housed either with or without a mother hen in their first five weeks of life. From three weeks of age, the chicks were tested in a series of experiments to deduce the effects of breed and maternal care on their fear response, foraging and social motivation, and cognitive abilities. The LH were found to explore more and showed more attempts to reinstate social contact than BN. The BN were less active in all tests and less motivated than LH by social contact or by foraging opportunity. No hybrid differences were found in cognitive performance in the holeboard task. In general, the presence of a mother hen had unexpectedly little effect on behavior in both LH and BN chicks. It is hypothesized that hens from commercially used genetic backgrounds may have been inadvertently selected to be less responsive to maternal care than ancestral or non-commercial breeds. The consistent and strong behavioral differences between genetic strains highlights the importance of breed-specific welfare management processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Maternal Care During Rearing in White Leghorn and Brown Nick Layer Hens on Cognition, Sociality and Fear

Hewlett

Nordquist

2019

Animals

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“…The history of chicken domestication is presumed to have occurred more than once throughout Southeast Asia. Some evidence leads to the conclusion that India [33,16,81,65,12] is one of the birthplaces for present days chicken breeds. Four species of genus Gallus inhabit Southeast Asia: RJF (G. g. gallus), La Fayette's Jungle Fowl (G. lafayettei), Grey Jungle Fowl (G. sonnerati), and Green Jungle Fowl (G. varius) [75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The agricultural innovations in East Asia around the early Holocene were the major reason behind chicken domestication and were followed by Neolithic poultry husbandry of chicken along with other species of domesticated animal [65]. The idea that habitat preference and historical, ritual, and leisure activities of ancient man might have resulted in Jungle Fowl being recruited for domestication [12]. In Indonesia, RJF domestication is indirectly affected by human community involvement either by purchasing or hunting in the forest and plantations [77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on spatial genetic diversity and population structure, RJF in its natural habitats is widely distributed but tends to form small and isolated populations with strong spatial genetic patterns that occur at both local and regional scales [59]. Jungle Fowl as adaptive species displayed seasonal breeding, well-established social hierarchy, explorative behavior, territoriality, aggression, and short-ranged ight [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a response, an organization was established in 1873 to set the standards of excellence and establishing ways of classi cation of various chicken breeds. The phenotypic variance described in [12] is the result of high phenotypic input from worldwide dispersal and adaptation to a wide range of management and breeding regimes. In the present day, poultry farms are separated into purebred poultry and industrialized poultry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin, Phenotypes, and Plumage Coloration of Golden Pelung Chicken Progenies (G. gallus, Linn.1758)

Mahardhika

Habibah

Perdamaian

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Pelung chicken has extensively been studied through selective breeding and used by the local poultry sector for ornamental purposes and occasionally as meat-type chicken. However, a well-documented and detailed description of its origins, genealogical backgrounds, unique traits, and diagnostic genotyping of its unique plumage colouration has never been compiled. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a detailed description of Pelung chicken and conduct a diagnostic genotyping of the TYR gene associated with golden plumage colouration accompanied with direct visual observations in Pelung chicken. Results Direct visual observations of GK resulted in dominant white shank governs by two autosomal loci and one sex-linked locus. Plumage colours were divided into four variants: black-brown barred, brown-golden barred, brown, and white. Each plumage colour group governs either by both the autosomal loci and recessive sex-linked locus or only autosomal locus. The diagnostic genotyping detected the presence of intron 4 retroviral sequence insertional mutation of tyrosinase (TYR) gene in both F1 Kamper and GK. Full-length retroviral insertional mutation of the G. gallus TYR gene is associated with the appearance of recessive white (C*C/C*C) chickens, with pigmented eyes. Conclusions The golden Pelung chicken was originated from inbreeding crossings between F1 Kamper, the progenies of crossbreeding between Layer Lohmann Brown-Classic and Pelung chicken. Historical accounts suggested the first documentation about the possible origin of Pelung chicken located in several villages surrounding Warungkondang, Cianjur, West Java. Genealogical background of Pelung chicken referred to Thailand RJF (G. g. gallus) and the possible contribution of Javanese fowl (G. g. bankiva) to the formation of domesticated chicken breeds. The genealogical background resulted in two different taxonomical terms, G. gallus and G. gallus domesticus as a subspecies of RJF. The unique and distinctive characteristics of Pelung chicken are crowing duration and plumage colour composition. Our findings provide essential information to assist the development of MAS and conservation initiative of the Pelung chicken germplasm. Our findings provide essential information for modern chicken breeders to assist the development of MAS and conservation initiative of the Pelung chicken germplasm.

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Breeding practice of indigenous village chickens, and traits and breed preferences of smallholder farmers

Desta,

Wakeyo

2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundIndigenous village chickens, or (IVCs), significantly contribute to rural livelihoods. Although natural selection has a disproportionate impact on the genetic structure of IVCs, farmers have developed locally tailored breeding practices to get the most out of their flocks.ObjectivesSmall‐scale farmers’ insights on trait breed preferences and family flock breeding practices are presented in this cross‐sectional study.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in two agroecological zones using face‐to‐face individual interviews with 119 general informants.ResultsFarmers prefer IVCs because they are multipurpose birds. Unlike policymakers, who usually underestimate the importance of IVCs, small‐scale farmers acknowledge the coexistence of local and commercial chickens. Only 15.7% of farmers recruited homegrown cocks, whereas 47.9% outsourced breeding cocks from local markets and 36.4% from neighbours (χ‐squared = 15.976, df = 2, p = 0.0003395). About 49.2% of small‐scale farmers believed that consanguineous mating‐induced inbreeding has only trivial effects. High flock turnover significantly reduces inbreeding. Regardless of the low production capacity, small‐scale farmers prefer local (rank = 1.47) chickens to commercial (rank = 1.61). For cocks, fertility and growth traits were highly sought after, whereas for hens, maternal instincts and laying performance were prioritized. Compared to the highlands, the lowlands had a longer egg storage period (t = 2.677, df = 117, p = 0.009, 95% CI: −3.7607, −0.5622).ConclusionsThis study documented the wisdom of small‐scale farmers and encouraged the incorporation of their insights into a sustainable genetic improvement program.

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Phenotypic characteristic of junglefowl and chicken

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of Maternal Care During Rearing in White Leghorn and Brown Nick Layer Hens on Cognition, Sociality and Fear

Effects of Maternal Care During Rearing in White Leghorn and Brown Nick Layer Hens on Cognition, Sociality and Fear

Origin, Phenotypes, and Plumage Coloration of Golden Pelung Chicken Progenies (G. gallus, Linn.1758)

Breeding practice of indigenous village chickens, and traits and breed preferences of smallholder farmers

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