Phenotypic Detection of Biofilm Formation in Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common pathogens which causes mild-to-severe diseases. Moreover, its ability to produce biofilm along with drug resistance makes it more notorious and difficult to treat; therefore, early biofilm detection can help in better management of diseases caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Materials and Methods: All clinically isolated S. aureus were screened for their antibiotic susceptibility pattern followed by MRSA status by cefoxitin disk-diffusion method. Evaluation of biofilm-producing nature of biofilm was accessed by tissue culture plate (TCP), tube adhesion (TA), and Congo red agar (CRA) methods. Results: Of all S. aureus isolates, 57% had MRSA status. TCP method showed that 68% of MRSA were biofilm producers. TA method showed 55% and CRA method showed 46% biofilm production. Conclusion: Early detection of MRSA and biofilm could be very beneficial to control S. aureus infection. Of all three biofilm detection methods, TCP method was effective in detecting biofilm, followed by TA and CRA methods.

Spectrum of Virulence Factors in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Prevalence of SCCmec Types in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Tertiary Care Center

“…The detection of icaA gene in this study was lower when compared to a study from North India, wherein 52.3% harbored the icaA gene. 31 Studies from Brazil, China, and Iran reported 100%, 89.9%, and 60.3% of icaA , respectively. Hence, icaA may not be the sole gene associated with biofilm formation.…”