Phenotypic Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase and Their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern in Various Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae

Abstract

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are a group of plasmid-mediated, diverse, complex and rapidly evolving enzymes that are posing a major therapeutic challenge today in the treatment of hospitalized and community-based patients. Enterobacteriaceae group is the main cause of bacterial infection and in this family Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species are the most common causes of nosocomial infections. ESBLs represents a major threat among multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria isolates. These ESBL producing pathogens are now recognized globally as major causes of nosocomial and community-acquired infections. ESBL detection is important from a therapeutic point of view and for infection control purposes. Carbapenems are often used to treat infections caused by ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella. This study was conducted in indoor patient department of Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad, U.P., which is a tertiary care hospital. This study was conducted during the period from April 2015 to December 2017.A total no. of 350 gram negative Enterobacteriaceae were isolated in 800 no. of samples. They were screened for the beta-lactamase production. Among the 350 isolates 210 strains were ESBL producers. The major ESBL producers were E.coli (32%) followed by Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Proteus. Multidrug resistance to Fluoroquinolones and Aminoglycosides were observed in the ESBL producing organism. The most common ESBL producing organism were from ICU.