Phenylthiocarbamide Perception in Patients With Schizophrenia and First-Degree Family Members

Moberg, Paul J.; Roalf, David R.; Balderston, C. Canby; Kanes, Stephen; Gur, Raquel E.; Turetsky, Bruce I.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.4.788

Cited by 16 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Two nonsynonymous coding singlenucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TAS2R38 gene, ALA49PRO (rs713598) and ILE296VAL (rs10246939), define the major taster and nontaster haplotypes that account for B85% of the variance in PTC tasting ability . Notably, large genome-wide scans of rare copy number variants have indicated an increased incidence of copy number gains at chromosome 7q36.3 (Vacic et al, 2011) In two previous studies from our laboratory, we found an increased prevalence of PTC nontasters among schizophrenia patients and their nonill first-degree family members (Moberg et al, 2005(Moberg et al, , 2007, suggesting that the inability to taste PTC might represent an endophenotypic marker of vulnerability to schizophrenia. In contrast, Compton et al (2007) did not find significant differences in PTC tasting status among schizophrenia patients, family members, and healthy participants, suggesting that this trait might not be an endophenotypic marker for illness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Association of schizophrenia with the phenylthiocarbamide taste receptor haplotype on chromosome 7q

Moberg¹,

Li²,

Kanes³

et al. 2012

Psychiatric Genetics

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Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste sensitivity is an inherited trait determined primarily by allelic variation of the taste-receptor gene TAS2R38 on chromosome 7q. Results of prior studies examining the ability to taste PTC in patients with schizophrenia have been mixed because of the difficulties in measuring PTC taste sensitivity behaviorally. In the current study, we examined the TAS2R38 genotypes of schizophrenia patients to determine whether the increased prevalence of nontasters in this patient population was indicative of a specific genetic association. Our a-priori hypothesis was that schizophrenia patients would show an increased prevalence of the nontaster phenotype compared with controls. The genotypes of two nonsynonymous coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TAS2R38 were assayed for 176 schizophrenia patients and 229 healthy control individuals, and the two-allele haplotypes were estimated. There was an over-representation of the major PTC nontaster haplotype among patients of European descent, relative to control individuals of similar ancestry. Patients and controls of African ancestry did not differ. The PTC nontaster haplotype is a genetic marker that may be used to identify subsets of schizophrenia patients who potentially harbor vulnerability genes in this region of chromosome 7q.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Association of schizophrenia with the phenylthiocarbamide taste receptor haplotype on chromosome 7q

Moberg¹,

Li²,

Kanes³

et al. 2012

Psychiatric Genetics

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“…Therefore, large-scale studies are needed due to the effect of random selection and population dynamics. Although this study has employed similar methodologies and statistics with many previous studies (Guo and Reed, 2001;Moberg et al, 2005;Moberg et al, 2007) it differs from others in terms of the methodology used and the higher number of the samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been determined that there are differences between tasters and nontasters of these chemicals in terms of their personality styles and susceptibility to certain diseases like goiter, diabetes, peptidic ulcer, depression, alcoholism and schizophrenia (Dicarlo and Powers, 2001;Fischer et al, 1963;Kaplan et al, 1964;Henkin and Gillis, 1977;Kitchin et al, 1959;Memoria 1959;Brand 1963;Hollingsworth 1963;Compton et al, 2007;Moberg, 2005). Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship with different health problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationships between phenylthiocarbamide taste perception and smoking, work out habits and susceptibility to depression

Daştan

Durna²,

Daştan

2015

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is known as phenylthiourea and it is an organic compound that has the phenyl ring. Ability to perceive the tastes of PTC chemical is related to the dominance of taste genes. There are a large number of population studies regarding the PTC taste perception and different personal characteristics or disease conditions. The purpose of this study is to reveal and compare the relation between the PTC taste perception and work-out habits, smoking, alcohol consumption and tendency to the depression of people. A total of 2500 adults were volunteered to be included in this study. PTC taste perception was measured by tasting with PTC solution (10 mg/L) filtered in a paper. It showed that tasters were significantly more frequent (81.8%) than nontasters (18.2%) in all population. And in some parameters analyzed in this study, there are significant differences. The taste genetics show up with environmental factors and create the sense of taste, which develops the feeding behaviors. The taste perception resulting from food and beverages diversifies by genetic and environmental effects and the nervous system interprets this perception. This study is enlightening in terms of presenting that the taste perception of people affects their lifestyles and lead them to start and either continue or discontinue some habits.

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“…In one of the studies it was shown that the frequency of PTC non-tasters among individuals with idiopathic and symptomatic epilepsy was higher (35.5% and 32.5%, respectively) than in the control (20%) [18]. In another study non-tasters were more frequently found among patients with schizophrenia and their first degree relatives [19][20] although, according to other authors, this relationship was not confirmed [21]. A higher threshold of the sensitivity of secondary school students to PTC and sucrose was associated with a higher risk of dental caries [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The population structure of Ukraine in relation to the phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity

Filiptsova

Timoshyna

Kobets

et al. 2015

Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics

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Background: The taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is one of the classical genetic markers in human studies. PTC is of great interest from the medical point of view since a number of associations of the taster status with human diseases have been found. The aim of our study was to evaluate the population structure of Ukraine in relation to PTC sensitivity.Methods: The study involved 533 people (78 males and 455 females) aged from 16 to 25 years. The PTC solution in the concentration of 0.13% was prepared according to the method of Harris and Kalmus. The participants of the study analyzed the taste of the filter paper impregnated with PTC. If the trial subjects tasted PTC as ''bitter'', ''very bitter'', ''bitterish'', the phenotype was defined as a taster. If the trial subject did not taste PTC (''no taste'', ''taste of paper''), he/she was referred to a non-taster.Results: The structure of the sample of the Ukrainian population studied in relation to the phenotypic and genotypic frequency associated with the phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity has been studied. It has been shown that in the population there are 22% of those who do not feel the taste of phenylthiocarbamide. Among males there are a few more non-tasters than among females, however, the differences are not significant. The frequency of the dominant and recessive allele of the phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity gene in the sample calculated on the basis of the Hardy-Weinberg equation is generally p T = 0.55 and q t = 0.45, respectively.Conclusions: Frequencies of alleles T and t obtained in the male and female population under research are very close to the frequencies of the same alleles in some populations of India. Data of this study supplement the currently available information in relation to the genetic structure of modern Ukrainian cities.

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Phenylthiocarbamide Perception in Patients With Schizophrenia and First-Degree Family Members

Abstract: The prevalence of PTC nontasters was greater among schizophrenia patients and non-ill first-degree family members. Phenotypic variation in PTC sensitivity is genetic in origin. This suggests a higher risk for illness among subjects with recessive alleles.

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Association of schizophrenia with the phenylthiocarbamide taste receptor haplotype on chromosome 7q

Association of schizophrenia with the phenylthiocarbamide taste receptor haplotype on chromosome 7q

The relationships between phenylthiocarbamide taste perception and smoking, work out habits and susceptibility to depression

The population structure of Ukraine in relation to the phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity

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