Phonon-assisted robust and deterministic two-photon biexciton preparation in a quantum dot

Bounouar, S.; Müller, Markus; Barth, Andreas M.; Glässl, Martin; Axt, Vollrath M.; Michler, Peter

doi:10.1103/physrevb.91.161302

Cited by 90 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Similar methods are shown to facilitate the biexciton preparation with twophoton Rabi oscillations for resonant pulses and high fidelity phonon-assisted two-photon biexciton preparation for detuned pulses. Our results are in full accord with the findings of very recent theoretical [23] and experimental works [26,27] illustrating that dissipative processes can be used for reliable quantum state preparation.The sample investigated is grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). On top of a 14-pair λ/4 GaAs/AlAs distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) a layer of low density InGaAs QDs is centered in a nominally 260 nm thick GaAs layer acting as a weak micro cavity resulting in a high photon extraction efficiency from the surface of the sample [12].…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

supporting

confidence: 82%

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Dissipative preparation of the exciton and biexciton in self-assembled quantum dots on picosecond time scales

Ardelt

Hanschke²,

Fischer³

et al. 2014

Phys. Rev. B

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Pulsed resonant fluorescence is used to probe ultrafast phonon-assisted exciton and biexciton preparation in individual self-assembled InGaAs quantum dots. By driving the system using large area (≥ 10π) near resonant optical pulses, we experimentally demonstrate how phonon mediated dissipation within the manifold of dressed excitonic states can be used to prepare the neutral exciton with a fidelity ≥ 70%. By comparing the phonon-assisted preparation with resonant Rabi oscillations we show that the phonon-mediated process provides the higher fidelity preparation for large pulse areas and is less sensitive to pulse area variations. Moreover, by detuning the laser with respect to the exciton transition we map out the spectral density for exciton coupling to the bulk LA-phonon continuum. Similar phonon mediated processes are shown to facilitate direct biexciton preparation via two photon biexciton absorption, with fidelities > 80%. Our results are found to be in very good quantitative agreement with simulations that model the quantum dot-phonon bath interactions with Bloch-Redfield theory.Due to their discrete electronic structure and strong interaction with light, self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) are often described as artificial atoms in the solid state. Indeed, many quantum optical experiments have recently been performed that exploit these atom-like properties; specific examples including deterministic single [11][12][13]. Moreover, in cavity QED experiments [14] remarkable effects such as photonblockade or photon-tunneling have opened the way to exploit QDs to generate novel quantum states of light [15]. In all these experiments, the solid state environment of the QDs manifests itself primarily in coupling to acoustic phonons -an effect that is unwanted since it results in decoherence of the quantum state, particular examples include incoherent population transfer between a QD and a detuned microcavity mode [16] or intra-molecular tunneling in vertically stacked QD-molecules [17,18]. Moreover, in coherent optical exciton control experiments, coupling to acoustic phonons dominates the damping of Rabi oscillations [19,20], limiting state preparation and control fidelities and the scope for possible applications. However, in other cases the coupling to acoustic phonons was exploited instead, e.g. for the high-fidelity spin initialisation by tunnel ionisation [21] or for achieving population inversion in electrically driven quantum dots [22]. Recently, Glässl et al. [23] proposed that high-fidelity preparation of excitonic states could be achieved by exploiting the coupling of the dressed excitonic states to a quasi continuum of vibrational modes. Their approach involves to combining the relative advantages of both Rabi oscillations and rapid adiabatic passage [24,25] by making use of phonon-mediated relaxation in the presence of a strong, near resonant pulsed optical field.In this paper we investigate the phonon-assisted preparation of neutral exciton (X 0 ) and biexciton (2X) states in QDs using pulsed resonant...

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supporting

confidence: 82%

supporting

confidence: 82%

Dissipative preparation of the exciton and biexciton in self-assembled quantum dots on picosecond time scales

Ardelt

Hanschke²,

Fischer³

et al. 2014

Phys. Rev. B

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“…The detuning dependent shape of the phonon assisted excitation process results from the asymmetric LA -phonon QD interaction spectrum J(∆ω exc ) discussed in the previous section and Ref. [25,[40][41][42][43]. Note, that for the two-photon excitation scheme presented in the letter, we are blue detuned from the X 0 → 2X 0 transition by ∆ b = 0.92 meV leading to an effective LA -phonon interaction.…”

Section: Phonon Assisted Pump Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most importantly, the resulting charge carrier -phonon interaction spectrum J(∆ω) is highly sensitive to the energy detuning of the excitation laserhω L . Only for positive detunings ∆ω i→j = ω L −ω i→j > 0 of the excitation laser with respect to the optical transition i → j, the spectrum acquires considerable values since LA -phonons are frozen out at low temperatures and phonon emission processes dominate [40][41][42][43]. When the excitation laser resonantly drives cgs →→ 2X 0 , it is blue detuned from 2X 0 → X 0 (∆ω 2X→X 0 = +∆ b > 0) and red detuned from X 0 → cgs (∆ω 2X→X 0 = −∆ b < 0).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical control of nonlinearly dressed states in an individual quantum dot

et al. 2016

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We report two-photon resonance fluorescence of an individual semiconductor artificial atom. By non-linearly driving a single semiconductor quantum dot via a two-photon transition, we probe the linewidth of the two-photon processes and show that, similar to their single-photon counterparts, they are close to being Fourier limited at low temperatures. The evolution of the population of excitonic states with the Rabi frequency exhibits a clear s-shaped behavior, indicative of the nonlinear response via the two photon excitation process. We model the non-linear response using a 4-level atomic system representing the manifold of excitonic and biexcitonic states in the quantum dot and show that quantitative agreement is obtained only by including the interaction with LAphonons in the solid state environment. Finally, we demonstrate the formation of dressed states emerging from a two-photon interaction between the artificial atom and the excitation field. The non-linear optical dressing induces a mixing of all four excitonic states that facilitates the tuning of the polarization selection rules of the artificial atom.

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“…[12]. It should be noted that this kind of modeling has been proven to quite accurately describe the dynamics of self-assembled InGaAs/GaAs QDs observed experimentally [42][43][44]. To calculate the dynamics of this coupled system we use a previously developed real-time path-integral approach [12,20], which is especially suitable, because it allows for treating the carrier-phonon coupling in a numerically exact way.…”

Section: Theoretical Results and Comparison With The Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensation of phonon-induced renormalization of vacuum Rabi splitting in large quantum dots: Towards temperature-stable strong coupling in the solid state with quantum dot-micropillars

et al. 2015

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We study experimentally the influence of temperature on the emission characteristics of quantum dotmicropillars in the strong coupling regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED). In particular, we investigate its impact on the vacuum Rabi splitting (VRS) and we address the important question of the temperature stability of the coherent coupling regime in a semiconductor system, which is relevant in view of both fundamental study and future applications. To study the temperature dependence we investigate an unprecedentedly large number of strong coupling cases (89) in a wide temperature range from 10 up to 50 K, which constitutes a good basis for statistical analysis. The experiment indicates a statistically significant increase of the VRS with temperature in contrast to an expected decrease of the VRS due to the dephasing induced by acoustic phonons. From the theoretical point of view, the phonon-induced renormalization of the VRS is calculated using a real-time path-integral approach for strongly confined quantum dots (QDs), which allows for a numerical exact treatment of the coupling between the QD and a continuum of longitudinal acoustic phonons. The absence of the expected decrease of the VRS with temperature in our experimental data can be attributed to a unique optical property of laterally extended In 0.4 Ga 0.6 As QDs used in this study. Their electronic structure facilitates an effective temperature-driven increase of the oscillator strength of the excitonic state by up to 40% in the given temperature range. This leads to enhanced light-matter interaction and overcompensates the phonon-related decrease of the VRS. The observed persistence of strong coupling in the presence of phonon-induced decoherence demonstrates the appealing possibility to counteract detrimental phonon effects in the cQED regime via engineering the electronic structure of QDs.

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Phonon-assisted robust and deterministic two-photon biexciton preparation in a quantum dot

Cited by 90 publications

References 45 publications

Dissipative preparation of the exciton and biexciton in self-assembled quantum dots on picosecond time scales

Dissipative preparation of the exciton and biexciton in self-assembled quantum dots on picosecond time scales

Optical control of nonlinearly dressed states in an individual quantum dot

Compensation of phonon-induced renormalization of vacuum Rabi splitting in large quantum dots: Towards temperature-stable strong coupling in the solid state with quantum dot-micropillars

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