Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in <scp><i>X</i></scp><i>anthomonas campestris</i> via a yeast‐like acylation pathway

Moser, Roman; Aktas, Meriyem; Narberhaus, Franz

doi:10.1111/mmi.12492

Cited by 37 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Xie and Yang [35] [36]) than that in M. luteus (5% [37]) results to the selective antimicrobial e ect of released Ca 2+ ions from natural bentonite.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Reduction of Offensive Odor from Natural Rubber Using Zinc‐Modified Bentonite

Pajarito

Castañeda

Jeresano

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Natural bentonite was modified with zinc ions and was used as a filler to reduce the offensive odor from raw natural rubber (NR). Characterization of filler shows the limited exchange of inherent calcium ions and the preferred adsorption of zinc ions on the surface of natural bentonite during modification. e modification process was also accompanied by bassanite formation due to sulfate ions brought by the zinc salt. Zinc-modified bentonite demonstrates an antimicrobial effect against microorganisms that are known to degrade or produce offensive odor from raw NR. Due to its antimicrobial and adsorption properties, zinc-modified bentonite significantly reduces the offensive odor from raw NR at loadings of 2.5-7.5 phr as shown by the olfactometry test. In terms of vulcanization characteristics, the loading of zinc-modified bentonite at 7.5 phr caused a slight decrease in elastic torque and increase in scorch and curing times of NR. e hardness and tensile properties of vulcanized NR are maintained after compounding with zinc-modified bentonite at 7.5 phr.

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“…Xie and Yang [35] [36]) than that in M. luteus (5% [37]) results to the selective antimicrobial e ect of released Ca 2+ ions from natural bentonite.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Reduction of Offensive Odor from Natural Rubber Using Zinc‐Modified Bentonite

Pajarito

Castañeda

Jeresano

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Recently, a new PC biosynthesis route was discovered in Xanthomonas campestris , which produces PC via a yeast-like two-step acylation of the precursor glycerophosphocholine (Moser et al, 2014) demonstrating that quite different strategies acting on the head or tail group have evolved for PC synthesis in bacteria.…”

Section: Common Metabolic Pathways For Phospholipids In Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agrobacterium membranes contain a rich setup of polar lipids (Randle et al, 1969; Das et al, 1979; Thompson et al, 1983; Vences-Guzmán et al, 2013; Moser et al, 2014). The lipid repertoire of several Agrobacterium strains has been quantified.…”

Section: Membrane Lipid Repertoire and Phospholipid Biosynthesis Enzymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lipid repertoire of several Agrobacterium strains has been quantified. Under full nutrition, A. tumefaciens membranes are mainly composed of the PLs PE and PG (account together ~45%), PC (~22%), CL (~15%), MMPE (~15%) and traces of DMPE (~4%; Moser et al, 2014). Two-dimensional thin layer chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis revealed that A. tumefaciens membranes also contain two OLs (Geske et al, 2013; Vences-Guzmán et al, 2013).…”

Section: Membrane Lipid Repertoire and Phospholipid Biosynthesis Enzymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Membrane lipids in Agrobacterium tumefaciens: biosynthetic pathways and importance for pathogenesis

et al. 2014

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Many cellular processes critically depend on the membrane composition. In this review, we focus on the biosynthesis and physiological roles of membrane lipids in the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The major components of A. tumefaciens membranes are the phospholipids (PLs), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cardiolipin, and ornithine lipids (OLs). Under phosphate-limited conditions, the membrane composition shifts to phosphate-free lipids like glycolipids, OLs and a betaine lipid. Remarkably, PC and OLs have opposing effects on virulence of A. tumefaciens. OL-lacking A. tumefaciens mutants form tumors on the host plant earlier than the wild type suggesting a reduced host defense response in the absence of OLs. In contrast, A. tumefaciens is compromised in tumor formation in the absence of PC. In general, PC is a rare component of bacterial membranes but amount to ~22% of all PLs in A. tumefaciens. PC biosynthesis occurs via two pathways. The phospholipid N-methyltransferase PmtA methylates PE via the intermediates monomethyl-PE and dimethyl-PE to PC. In the second pathway, the membrane-integral enzyme PC synthase (Pcs) condenses choline with CDP-diacylglycerol to PC. Apart from the virulence defect, PC-deficient A. tumefaciens pmtA and pcs double mutants show reduced motility, enhanced biofilm formation and increased sensitivity towards detergent and thermal stress. In summary, there is cumulative evidence that the membrane lipid composition of A. tumefaciens is critical for agrobacterial physiology and tumor formation.

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“…This included information relating to the uptake and utilization of nutrients from the environment [79,[120][121][122][123][124]. Further important metabolic studies considered in the iterative enhancement of functional genome annotation [74] focused on the biosynthesis of amino acids [107,125] and a novel, yeast-like phosphatidylcholine synthesis route [126]. A common theme of these studies was the discovery of novel biosynthetic routes that differ from the respective metabolic pathways of other bacterial model organisms.…”

Section: Genomic Basicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems and synthetic biology perspective of the versatile plant-pathogenic and polysaccharide-producing bacterium Xanthomonas campestris

et al. 2017

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Bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas are a major group of plant pathogens. They are hazardous to important crops and closely related to human pathogens. Being collectively a major focus of molecular phytopathology, an increasing number of diverse and intricate mechanisms are emerging by which they communicate, interfere with host signalling and keep competition at bay. Interestingly, they are also biotechnologically relevant polysaccharide producers. Systems biotechnology techniques have revealed their central metabolism and a growing number of remarkable features. Traditional analyses of Xanthomonas metabolism missed the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (glycolysis) as being a route by which energy and molecular building blocks are derived from glucose. As a consequence of the emerging full picture of their metabolism process, xanthomonads were discovered to have three alternative catabolic pathways and they use an unusual and reversible phosphofructokinase as a key enzyme. In this review, we summarize the synthetic and systems biology methods and the bioinformatics tools applied to reconstruct their metabolic network and reveal the dynamic fluxes within their complex carbohydrate metabolism. This is based on insights from omics disciplines; in particular, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Analysis of high-throughput omics data facilitates the reconstruction of organism-specific large-and genome-scale metabolic networks. Reconstructed metabolic networks are fundamental to the formulation of metabolic models that facilitate the simulation of actual metabolic activities under specific environmental conditions. SYSTEMS BIOLOGYIn recent years, systems and synthetic biology have substantially increased our understanding of many processes in life sciences at molecular and cellular levels [1][2][3]. Systems biology intends to understand the cell from a system-wide perspective. For over 100 years, life sciences have aimed at elucidating the details of molecular processes in organisms. In systems biology, scientists have started to inter-relate this data on a large scale in order to analyse the interactions of all elements [4,5], and thus initiate the decoding of entire systems, aiming at their quantitative understanding. This became possible with the development of high-throughput techniques associated with diverse computational methods and the availability of faster computing. Fundamental highthroughput methods are now routinely available in the fields of genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics, while additional specialized branches of omics disciplines have been developed, such as lipidomics [6][7][8], glycomics [9][10][11] and 13 C fluxomics [12,13].

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Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in Xanthomonas campestris via a yeast‐like acylation pathway

Cited by 37 publications

References 76 publications

Reduction of Offensive Odor from Natural Rubber Using Zinc‐Modified Bentonite

Reduction of Offensive Odor from Natural Rubber Using Zinc‐Modified Bentonite

Membrane lipids in Agrobacterium tumefaciens: biosynthetic pathways and importance for pathogenesis

Systems and synthetic biology perspective of the versatile plant-pathogenic and polysaccharide-producing bacterium Xanthomonas campestris

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