Phospholipase A2 from Naja nigricollis and Inhibitory Activity of Extracts from Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Engl. (Burseraceae)

Pre-clinical efficacy of African medicinal plants used in the treatment of snakebite envenoming: A systematic review

“…The reviewed studies were performed using rodents, including rats (Adzu et al, 2005;Fung et al, 2009;Tan et al, 2009;Fung et al, 2011;Omale et al, 2013;Fung et al, 2014;Nasser et al, 2018;Fasuba et al, 2019;Gabriel et al, 2020;Adeyemi et al, 2021) and mice (Abubakar et al, 2000;Asuzu and Harvey, 2003;Abubakar et al, 2006;Ode and Asuzu, 2006) while the in vitro studies were conducted using pig muscle cell lines, mice muscle cell lines, and egg yolk (Abubakar et al, 2006(Abubakar et al, , 2020Fung et al, 2014;Molander et al, 2014Molander et al, , 2015.…”

“…The in vivo studies in our SR reported the use of either mice or rats in evaluating medicinal plants, while the in vitro studies used egg yolk, blood samples, and pig muscle cell lines. Ten of the included studies reported efficacy in terms of statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) on specific pathologies induced by SBE compared with negative control groups, including neurotoxicity, hematotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and effect on cholesterol profile (Tan et al, 2009;Fung et al, 2011;Omale et al, 2013;Molander et al, 2015Nasser et al, 2018Abubakar et al, 2020;Adeyemi et al, 2021). In ethnopharmacology, the family of any plant of interest is paramount to drug discovery.…”

“…The introduction of antivenomics has provided an important avenue for exploring clear and more precise methods in the preclinical screening of medicinal plants for biological activity against snake venom-induced pathologies. We observed that most of the included studies used crude extracts of plant parts during screening, while others used fractionated extracts (Nasser et al, 2018;Abubakar et al, 2020;Gabriel et al, 2020). Although plants contain many bioactive compounds, only one out of the seventeen studies used Gas Chromatography coupled with a Mass Spectrometer (GC/SM) to separate and identify the active constituents in the extract.…”