Phospholipase Dε enhances Braasca napus growth and seed production in response to nitrogen availability

Abstract

SummaryPhospholipase D (PLD), which hydrolyses phospholipids to produce phosphatidic acid, has been implicated in plant response to macronutrient availability in Arabidopsis. This study investigated the effect of increased PLDe expression on nitrogen utilization in Brassica napus to explore the application of PLDe manipulation to crop improvement. In addition, changes in membrane lipid species in response to nitrogen availability were determined in the oil seed crop. Multiple PLDe over expression (PLDe-OE) lines displayed enhanced biomass accumulation under nitrogendeficient and nitrogen-replete conditions. PLDe-OE plants in the field produced more seeds than wild-type plants but have no impact on seed oil content. Compared with wild-type plants, PLDe-OE plants were enhanced in nitrate transporter expression, uptake and reduction, whereas the activity of nitrite reductase was higher under nitrogen-depleted, but not at nitrogen-replete conditions. The level of nitrogen altered membrane glycerolipid metabolism, with greater impacts on young than mature leaves. The data indicate increased expression of PLDe has the potential to improve crop plant growth and production under nitrogen-depleted and nitrogenreplete conditions.

Spatial analysis of lipid metabolites and expressed genes reveals tissue‐specific heterogeneity of lipid metabolism in high‐ and low‐oil Brassica napus L. seeds

“…The lipids were extracted from individual seed tissues and methyl‐esterified as described by Lu et al . (). Finally, 1 μl FA methyl ester solutions were injected into the GC‐MS.…”

Identification and Characterization of Phospholipase D Genes Putatively Involved in Internal Browning of Pineapple during Postharvest Storage

“…An increasing number of studies have indicated that PLD, which is considered an important signaling enzyme in various organisms and is widespread in plants (Jang et al, 2012), participates in diverse physiological processes, such as development (Lu et al, 2016); hormone signaling mediated by abscisic acid (Peters et al, 2010), salicylic acid (Janda et al, 2015), jasmonic acid (Zhao et al, 2013), and auxin (Li and Xue, 2007); reactive oxygen generation (Wu et al, 2010); and in the response to abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought (Lu et al, 2012), high salinity (Yu et al, 2010), low temperature (Kargiotidou et al, 2010), and fungal infection (Liu et al, 2013). The diverse cellular functions of PLD suggest that the enzyme is subjected to complex regulation in the cell.…”

An efficient and comprehensive plant glycerolipids analysis approach based on high‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer

“…Changes in lipids lead to the alterations of the fluidity (Dawaliby et al, ; Nguyen, Rudge, Zhang, & Wakelam, ), permeability (Colombini, ; Van der Paal, Neyts, Verlackt, & Bogaerts, ), and polarity (Hammond & Hong, ; Tejos et al, ) of the cell membrane. In plants, these alterations trigger cell response to environmental stimuli such as drought, salt, cold, nutrition, and pathogen (Hong et al, ; Lu et al, ; Peppino Margutti, Reyna, Meringer, Racagni, & Villasuso, ; Ruelland et al, ; Singh, Bhatnagar, Pandey, & Pandey, ). In plants, glycerolipids consist of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG), triacylglycerol (TAG), diacylglycerol (DAG), and different types of phospholipids (Wei, Fanella, Guo, & Wang, ; Zheng et al, ).…”

“…It is easy to operate, and data analysis is simple. Previously, glycerolipids have not been comprehensively analyzed in seeds during different development stages of rapeseed (Katavic, Agrawal, Hajduch, Harris, & Thelen, ; Lu et al, ; Tang et al, ; Woodfield et al, ). We thus employed this approach to comprehensively analyze the glycerolipids from crude lipid extracts of rapeseed tissues in order to facilitate the understanding and study of lipid metabolism in rapeseed.…”