Phospholipid and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies in Diabetic Neuropathy

Vinik, Aaron I.; Leichter, Steven B.; Pittenger, Gary L.; Stansberry, Kevin B.; Holland, Marie T.; Powers, Alvin C.; Suwanwalaikorn, Sompongse

doi:10.2337/diacare.18.9.1225

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Studies suggest that circulating autoantibodies against motor-and sensory-nerve structures are present in the serum of patients with diabetes [158,159]. In addition, antiphospholipid antibodies (PLA) have been found in up to 88% of patients with diabetic neuropathy [160]. These antibodies are associated with a motor deficit with electrophysiologic signs of demyelination and altered nerve function.…”

Section: Autoimmune Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: The Case for Diabetic Neurovascular Function as an Essential Component

Kles

Vinik²

2006

CDR

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Worldwide, diabetes and its complications are major causes of morbidity, decreased quality of life, mortality and increasing health care costs. Patients with diabetes attempt to control blood pressure, lipids and blood glucose levels to decrease their risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Even with control of these risk factors for vascular disease, many patients still develop complications. Targeted therapies to the underlying mechanisms of diabetic neuropathy are essential to slow the progression of the disease. This review describes the signs, symptoms and diagnosis of DPN. Additionally, new therapies and the complex etiology that contributes to the development of diabetic neuropathy are described (oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, advanced glycated end products, autoimmunity, neurotrophic factors and protein kinase C beta).

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Section: Autoimmune Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: The Case for Diabetic Neurovascular Function as an Essential Component

Kles

Vinik²

2006

CDR

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“…While microangiopathies and thrombotic diseases have not been convincingly associated with aPA in diabetics, there is evidence that diabetic neuropathy may be associated with aPA. Two studies [22,23] found significant increases in aPA in diabetic neuropathies, but in neither study was the PL target defined, and both investigations cite a RIA procedure as the reference for how the ELISA was performed. It appears that not much quantitative or qualitative data is available about aPA in diabetic patients, particularly in light of compelling reports that stress the importance of identifying both the type of PL [41] and its associated protein [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, antibodies to phospholipid components of plasma membranes such as phosphatidylserine (aPS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (aPE) and the plasma proteins that bind to them have been described [11]. In light of the evidence of immunological and haemostatic mechanisms of endothelial and neurological damage in diabetics [1,3,6,22,24], we studied the qualitative and quantitative aspects of aPA in diabetics and asked if any of these parameters are associated with diabetic complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this syndrome, vessels of all sizes are affected [12]. In addition, aPA have been described in patients with lupus erythematosus [13], recurrent abortion [14], ocular ischaemia [10], ischaemic heart disease [15], atherosclerosis [16], stroke and transient ischaemic attack [16], recipients of solid organ grafts [17][18][19][20], and diabetics [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qualitative and quantitative studies of autoantibodies to phospholipids in diabetes mellitus

Gargiulo

Goldberg

Romani

et al. 1999

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYDiabetes mellitus is associated with vascular and neurological complications. We have investigated the presence of antibodies to phospholipids and to phospholipid binding plasma proteins in blood samples collected from 68 clinically and biochemically characterized type I and type II diabetic patients and from 252 healthy blood donor controls. Each sample was analysed for antibodies to three phospholipids (cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine), the antibody isotypes (IgA, IgG and IgM), and whether antibody activity was plasma protein-dependent. Patients were considered to have anti-phospholipid antibodies when one or more of these 18 tests was found above predetermined control values. The results of these experiments revealed an increased incidence of anti-phospholipid antibodies in diabetic patients compared with control subjects. The incidence of IgA isotype to phosphatidylethanolamine was higher than the incidence of other isotypes to other phospholipids, and their reactivities were independent of phospholipid-associated proteins. In addition, these antibody findings were studied for associations with prothrombin degradation products, activated factor VII and activated protein C, and with the incidence of diabetic complications. The anti-phosphatidylethanolamine antibody association with proliferative retinopathy was significant.

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“…We have previously shown that 88% of patients with diabetic neuropathy have phospholipid antibodies in their serum which correlated with sensory loss [9]. In this study we were particularly interested in neuropathy characterized by a predominance of motor features.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-ganglioside GM1 antibody and distal symmetric “diabetic polyneuropathy” with dominant motor features

1997

Diabetologia

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Phospholipid and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies in Diabetic Neuropathy

Abstract: PLAs occur frequently in the sera of patients with diabetes and correlate with the extent of neuropathy, suggesting a role for PLAs in the etiology thereof. The measurement of PLAs may constitute a marker for ongoing damage to nerves.

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: The Case for Diabetic Neurovascular Function as an Essential Component

Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: The Case for Diabetic Neurovascular Function as an Essential Component

Qualitative and quantitative studies of autoantibodies to phospholipids in diabetes mellitus

Anti-ganglioside GM1 antibody and distal symmetric “diabetic polyneuropathy” with dominant motor features

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