Phosphonium-based Ionic Liquid Modified Activated Carbon from Mixed Recyclable Waste for Mercury(II) Uptake

Abstract

The contamination of water surfaces by mercury is a dangerous environmental problem due to its toxicity, which leads kidney damage. Activated carbon from mixed recyclable waste modified by phosphonium-based ionic liquid (IL-ACMRW) was therefore prepared and evaluated for Hg(II) remediation. The activated carbon used in this study was prepared from mixed waste, including cardboard, papers and palm wastes as cheap raw materials. The mixed Recyclable Waste Activated Carbon was combined with trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium Bis2,4,4-(trimethylpentyl)phosphinate (Cyphos® IL 104) ionic liquid to form an adsorbent with organic-inorganic content, in order to improve the Hg(II) uptake from aqueous solutions. FTIR confirms the presence of P, C=O and OH after this modification. The adsorption process was investigated and the evaluated results showed that the capacity was 124 mg/g at pH 4, with a contact time of 90 min, an adsorbent dose of 0.4 g/L, and a Hg(II) concentration of 50 mg/L. This Hg(II) adsorption capacity is superior than that reported in the literature for modified multiwall carbon nanotubes. The adsorption of Hg(II) on the modified activated carbon from mixed recyclable waste was found to follow the pseudo second-order kinetics model. Isotherms of adsorption were analyzed via Freundlich and Langmuir models. The results indicated that Freundlich is the best model to describe the process, suggesting multilayer adsorption.

Synthesis and Characterisation of Pyridinium-Based Ionic Liquid as Activating Agent in Rubber Seed Shell Activated Carbon Production for CO2 Capture

“…Recently, ionic liquid (IL) have been applied in CO2 application. IL have been reported exhibiting good attractive properties such as have melting point less than 100˚C, not flammable which means not easily to burn, good ionic conductivity, have negligible low vapour pressure, have a high stability both chemically and thermally and acts as good solvent with widely varying polarity such as polar and non-polar [14,24,37]. Additionally, IL also can be considered as a safe, clean and environmentally friendly solvent and also known as "green solvents" [26,33,37].…”

Development of Rubber Seed Shell–Activated Carbon Using Impregnated Pyridinium-Based Ionic Liquid for Enhanced CO2 Adsorption

“…Ionic liquid (IL) is a room-temperature salt, composed mainly of cations and anions, which are tunable according to the application. Recently, the use of IL in CO 2 capture has attracted the researchers' attention due to its low melting point of below 100 • C, inflammability, good ionic conductivity, negligible vapor pressure, chemical and thermal stability, and functions as a suitable solvent due to its variable polarity [23,24]. Last decades, Blanchard et al [25] and Anthony et al [26] were the first to develop the ability of imidazolium-based IL pairing with different anions toward CO 2 capture in terms of their solubility.…”

Adsorption Processing for the Removal of Toxic Hg(II) from Liquid Effluents: Advances in the 2019 Year

“…Activated carbon, from mixed recyclable waste, and modified by phosphonium-based ionic liquid (IL-ACMRW) was prepared and evaluated for Hg(II) removal from solutions [31]. The activated carbon used in this study was originated from cardboard, papers, and palm wastes, and mixed with trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis2,4,4-(trimethylpentyl)phosphinate ionic liquid (commercial name Cyphos IL104).…”