Phosphorus speciation in a long-term manure-amended soil profile – Evidence from wet chemical extraction, 31P-NMR and P K-edge XANES spectroscopy

Schmieder, Frank; Bergström, Lars; Riddle, Matthew; Gustafsson, Jon Petter; Klysubun, Wantana; Zehetner, Franz; Condron, Leo M.; Kirchmann, Holger

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.01.026

Cited by 65 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…When used for soils with high pH and Ca‐rich minerals but no carbonate content, as in this study, the acid P ox extraction method can overestimate available P by dissolving Ca‐bound P (Peltovuori et al, 2002; Koopmans et al, 2007). Concurrent research performed on the same soils as in this study identified a potential maximum of 30% Ca‐bound P in the top 40 cm of the mineral soil using X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy (Schmieder et al, 2018). This suggests that overestimation of available P in the top 40 cm by P ox extraction is likely.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Leaching from an Organic and a Mineral Arable Soil in a Rainfall Simulation Study

et al. 2018

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Phosphorus derived from agricultural systems has been found to cause eutrophication of surface waters. To combat this, the specific location of soil profile P release is necessary for development of effective mitigation strategies. This paper describes a P leaching study of two Swedish arable soils, an organic (Typic Haplosaprist) and a mineral soil (Typic Hapludalf), both with high P content. Undisturbed soil columns isolated 0- to 20-, 20- to 40-, 40- to 60-, and 60- to 80-cm depth intervals. These were placed in a rainfall simulator and subjected to four 50-mm rainfall events to identify the origin of P leachate as a function of soil depth interval and physicochemical properties. Phosphorus losses were greatest from the two uppermost layers of both soils after 200 mm of artificial rainfall was applied at 5 mm h. Total P concentration in leachate from the 0- to 20-cm layer ranged from 2.1 to 8.8 mg L for the mineral and 3.7 to 10.3 mg L from the organic soil, with most (95-100%) in dissolved reactive P form. Degree of P saturation correlated well with total P leaching losses from the organic soil ( = 0.84) but not the mineral soil ( = 0.69), suggesting that the presence of Al and Fe (hydr)oxides has a stronger influence on P leaching in the organic soil. Results indicate that both soils have the potential to contribute concentrations of P above those known to cause eutrophication of surface waters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Leaching from an Organic and a Mineral Arable Soil in a Rainfall Simulation Study

et al. 2018

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“…Such P enrichment in cultivated Histosols has been attributed to P fertilisation ( Kaila and Missilä , ; Sundström et al., ). For mineral soils, fertiliser‐related P enrichment over time is well known ( Silveira et al., ; Annaheim et al., ; Schmieder et al., ). However, in contrast to findings for cultivated mineral soils ( Silveira et al., ; Annaheim et al., ), topsoil P speciation in both soils, according to LCF, was dominated by organic P. The results obtained with the ignition method were in direct contrast to this, as P‐org‐ig content increased with soil depth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus speciation in cultivated organic soils revealed by P K‐edge XANES spectroscopy

Schmieder

Gustafsson

Klysubun

et al. 2020

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Cultivated organic soils make a significant contribution to phosphorus (P) leaching losses from agricultural land, despite occupying a small proportion of cultivated area. However, less is known about P mobilisation processes and the P forms present in peat soils compared with mineral soils. In this study, P forms and their distribution with depth were investigated in two cultivated Histosol profiles, using a combination of wet chemical extraction and P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Both profiles had elevated P content in the topsoil, amounting to around 40 mmol kg -1 , and P speciation in both profiles was strongly dominated by organic P. Topsoils were particularly rich in organic P (P-org), with relative proportions of up to 80%. Inorganic P in the profiles was almost exclusively adsorbed to surface reactive aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) minerals. In one of the profiles, small contributions of Ca-phosphates were detected. A commonly used P saturation index (PSI) based on ammonium-oxalate extraction indicated a low to moderate risk of P leaching from both profiles. However, the capacity of soil Al and Fe to retain P in organic soils could be reduced by high competition from organic compounds for sorption sites. This is not directly accounted for in PSI and similar indices. Accumulation of P-org in the topsoil may be attributable by microbial peat decomposition and transformation of mineral fertiliser P by both microbiota and crops. Moreover, high carbon-phosphorus ratio in the surface peat material in both profiles suggests reduced net mineralisation of P-org in the two soils. However, advancing microbial peat decomposition will eventually lead to complete loss of peat horizons and to mineralisation of P-org. Hence, P-org in both profiles represents a huge potentially mobilised P pool.

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“…The interaction with humic substances seems to correlate to the exudation of organic substances from the root and from microbial-derived organic matter. However, a more recent study showed that in heavily manured soil, the dominant P-speciation was P-adsorbed to ferrihydrite and Al phases (Schmieder et al, 2018). This effect is enhanced with the addition of root hairs, suggesting that these roots exude more organic substances.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 98%

Root‐induced soil deformation influences Fe, S and P: rhizosphere chemistry investigated using synchrotron XRF and XANES

et al. 2019

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Rhizosphere soil has distinct physical and chemical properties from bulk soil. However, besides root-induced physical changes, chemical changes have not been extensively measured in situ on the pore scale.In this study, we couple structural information, previously obtained using synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (XCT), with synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XRF) and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) to unravel chemical changes induced by plant roots.Our results suggest that iron (Fe) and sulfur (S) increase notably in the direct vicinity of the root via solubilization and microbial activity. XANES further shows that Fe is slightly reduced, S is increasingly transformed into sulfate (SO 4 2À ) and phosphorus (P) is increasingly adsorbed to humic substances in this enrichment zone. In addition, the ferrihydrite fraction decreases drastically, suggesting the preferential dissolution and the formation of more stable Fe oxides. Additionally, the increased transformation of organic S to sulfate indicates that the microbial activity in this zone is increased. These changes in soil chemistry correspond to the soil compaction zone as previously measured via XCT.The fact that these changes are colocated near the root and the compaction zone suggests that decreased permeability as a result of soil structural changes acts as a barrier creating a zone with increased rhizosphere chemical interactions via surface-mediated processes, microbial activity and acidification.

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Phosphorus speciation in a long-term manure-amended soil profile – Evidence from wet chemical extraction, 31P-NMR and P K-edge XANES spectroscopy

Cited by 65 publications

References 63 publications

Phosphorus Leaching from an Organic and a Mineral Arable Soil in a Rainfall Simulation Study

Phosphorus Leaching from an Organic and a Mineral Arable Soil in a Rainfall Simulation Study

Phosphorus speciation in cultivated organic soils revealed by P K‐edge XANES spectroscopy

Root‐induced soil deformation influences Fe, S and P: rhizosphere chemistry investigated using synchrotron XRF and XANES

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