Phosphorus/sulfur Co-doped porous carbon with enhanced specific capacitance for supercapacitor and improved catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) /sulfur (S) co-doped porous carbon derived from resorcinol and furaldehyde are synthesized through one-step sol-gel processing with the addition of phosphorus pentasulfide as P and S source followed with freeze-drying and pyrolysis in nitrogen. The P/S co-doping strategy facilitates the pore size widening both in micropore and mesopore regions, together with the positive effect on the degree of graphitization of porous carbon through elimination of amorphous carbon through the formation and evaporation of carbon disulfide. As an electrode for supercapacitor application, P/S co-doped porous carbon demonstrates 43.5% improvement on specific capacitance of the single electrode compared to pristine porous carbon in organic electrolyte at a current of 0.5 mA due to the P-induced pseudocapacitive reactions. As for electrocatalytic use, promoted electrocatalytic activity and high resistance to crossover effects of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media are observed after the introduction of P and S into porous carbon. After air activation, the specific capacitance of the single electrode of sample PS-pC reaches up to 103.5 F g-1 and an improved oxygen reduction current density.

Collectively Exhaustive Electrodes Based on Covalent Organic Framework and Antagonistic Co‐Doping for Electroactive Ionic Artificial Muscles

“…Integrating the CV curves of all electrodes yields the specific capacitances that are then plotted against scan rates (Figure c). Notably, BS‐COF‐C900 exhibited higher specific capacitance (389 F g −1 ) at 10 mV s −1 than those of BS‐COF‐C700 (294 F g −1 ) and B‐COF‐C900 (209 F g −1 ) and even surpassed those of literatures reported heteroatom co‐doped porous carbons . The observed higher specific capacitance of BS‐COF‐C900 is attributed to its porous structure with higher abundance of mesopores and larger ion‐accessible surface area than those of other electrodes; these characteristics promoted rapid electrolyte ion diffusion through the pores.…”

“…Further, hierarchical porous nitrogen‐doped carbons, owing to their high specific surface area (SSA) and impressive electrical conductivity and electrochemical activity, have recently been used as electrodes for ultrasensitive bio‐inspired artificial muscles . Recently, heteroatom co‐doping in porous carbon is a growing avenue of research in the fields of supercapacitors and electrocatalysts . However, to the best of authors' knowledge, co‐doped porous carbon‐based electrodes for exploration of ionic soft actuators have not carefully been investigated to date by considering both direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) input patterns.…”

Preparation and electrochemical studies of electrospun phosphorus doped porous carbon nanofibers

“…18,37 In case of C1s orbit, the high-resolution spectra of C1s orbit for all samples exhibits four individual component peaks around 284.6, 285.5, 286.5 and 289.3 eV, which are attributed to graphitic structure (C-Csp 2 ), carbon-oxygen single bonds, carbon-oxygen-phosphorus single bonds (C-O-P) and carbon-oxygen double bonds (O-C]O), respectively. 28,38,39 In general, the bonding form is mainly composed of graphitic structure (C-Csp 2 ) at 284.6 eV. In addition, as the amount of The N1s spectrum can be deconvoluted into four different components: the peaks at 398.5, 400.1, 401.1 and 403.5 eV are ascribed to pyridinic nitrogen (N-6), which is, a structure in which one carbon atom on the hexagonal ring of the graphite edge is replaced by a nitrogen atom; pyrrole nitrogen (N-5), which is a structural form in which one carbon atom on a ve-membered heterocyclic ring in graphite is replaced by nitrogen atom; graphite nitrogen (N-Q) or P-N bond and pyridine-N-oxide (N-O).…”

Enhanced Methanol Oxidation in Acid Media on Pt/S, P Co‐doped Graphene with 3D Porous Network Structure Engineering

“…As presented in Figure a, the primary S, P, C and O can be distinctly observed in the survey scan spectrum, demonstrating S and P atoms have been successfully incorporated into graphene matrix . As shown in Table , the elemental percentage of S, P, C and O in SPG and 3D‐SPG was very similar, demonstrating that the two‐dimensional SPG assembled into 3D‐SPG does not change the percentage of elemental composition . S2p spectra of SPG and 3D‐SPG in Figure b can ben deconvoluted into two peaks located at 162.6 eV and 163.5 eV corresponding to S2p 3/2 and S2p 1/2 , respectively ,.…”